He is an artist and a poet of the highest spiritual order, but he is also a mystic. Messrs. Ellis and Yeats tell us that his rank as a mystic entitles him to far more admiration and patient study than any claims he may have as a mere painter and poet! Be that as it may (and some of us cannot but hold the artist as the most glorious manifestation of the divine on this earth!), it is certainly necessary to apprehend Blake the mystic before we can enter into the spirit of Blake the artist.
His was a strange religious creed. It is evident that in early life he obtained somehow or other many of the works of the great mystics and studied them with passionate attention. Among them Swedenborg (whom, however, he frequently criticised harshly) and Jacob Boehmen, the wonderful shoemaker of the sixteenth century, seem to have exerted the most lasting influence on his mind.
Swedenborg's doctrine of correspondences--the theory that natural phenomena actually represent, or rather shadow, unseen spiritual conditions and existence--attracted Blake at first reading, and became so much a part of his mental fibre that one feels certain he would have eventually fought his intellectual way out into this channel of thought had Swedenborg never written. Nature seemed to Blake but the confused and vague copy of something definite and perfect in "Imagination" or "Spirit." "All things exist in the human imagination," and "in every bosom a universe expands," he wrote, and in the human imagination and its reverend preservation and cultivation lay man's only source of divine illumination, he believed.
"If the doors of perception were cleansed, everything would appear to man as it is, infinite. For man has closed himself up till he sees all things through narrow chinks in his cavern," are illuminating words of his. Blake's whole effort in life seemed to be the cleansing and spiritualizing of the portals of the senses that he might see and hear and receive as much of the infinite spirit as his humanity could hold.
The mission which he put clearly before him always, he expressed in these words in his prophetic poem of "Jerusalem":
I rest not from my great task To open the Eternal Worlds, to open the Immortal Eyes Of Man inwards; into the Worlds of Thought, into Eternity Ever expanding in the bosom of God, the Human Imagination.