Hualien City (; Wade-Giles: Hua¹-lien² Shih⁴; Hokkien POJ: Hoa-lian-chhī or Hoa-liân-chhī) is a county-administered city and the county seat of Hualien County, Taiwan. It is located on the east coast of Taiwan on the Pacific Ocean, and has a population of 99,458 inhabitants.
Name
Hualien County annals () record that the city was called "Kilai" () until the early twentieth century. This name refers to the Sakiraya Taiwanese aborigines and their settlement.
After Taiwan came under Japanese rule in 1895 its governors sought to change the name because "Kilai" is pronounced the same as the Japanese word for . The name was eventually changed to . After World War II the incoming Kuomintang-led Republic of China retained the Kanji spelling but shortened the name to just , or Hualien via Chinese romanization.
History
The Spaniards built mines for gold in Hualien in 1622. Permanent settlements began in 1851, when 2,200 Han Chinese farmers led by Huang A-fong (黃阿鳳) from Taipei arrived at Fengchuan (now the area near Hualien Rear Station). In 1875, more farmers, led by Lin Cang-an (林蒼安) from Yilan, settled at Fengchuan.
Settlements in the area remained small by the start of Japanese rule. The city was expanded circa 1912 by its Japanese governors to incorporate Guohua () and Guoan () Villages, a region later known as . In 1920, was established, and around 1923 it was extended to , today known as "New Port" (), including the Guowei and Guoji Villages. In 1940, the town was upgraded to Karenkō City, Karenkō Prefecture.
On 25 October 1945, Taiwan was handed over from Japan to the Republic of China under Kuomintang government. In January 1946, the incoming Kuomintang designated Hualien City a county-administered city of Hualien County and to be the county seat.
Subdivisions
The 45 villages () of the city are divided into six village unions (): (in Hanyu Pinyin)
The first union: Minyun (), Minle (), Minxiang (), Minyi (), Minxin (), Minli (), Minde (), Minzheng (), Minqin (), Minxiao () The second union: Minsheng (), Minquan (), Minzu (), Minyou (), Minzhu (), Minzhi () The third union: Zhuji (), Zhuyi (), Zhuxin (), Zhuqin (), Zhushang (), Zhugong () The fourth union: Zhuxue (), Zhuquan (), Zhunong (), Zhuhe (), Zhuli (), Zhu'an (), Zhumu () The fifth union: Guofeng (), Guofang (), Guozhi (), Guoguang (), Guohun (), Guo'an (), Guowei (), Guohua (), Guolian (), Guosheng () The sixth union: Guofu (), Guoyu (), Guoqing (), Guoqiang (), Guofu (), Guoxing ()
The newest villages from 2002 are Guosheng, Guoxing, Minxiao, and Minzhu.
Government institutions
Hualien County Government
Hualien County Council
Demographics
Hualien City has 9,000 aboriginal people, making it the city with the largest aboriginal population in Taiwan. The majority of the aborigines that reside in Hualien include the Amis, Atayal, Truku and Bunun. Hualien City is also the most densely populated area in Hualien county.
Climate
Hualien experiences a tropical monsoon climate (Am) with frequent cyclones, as it borders the Pacific Ocean. It closely borders on a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) with the average temperature of the coldest month being just above 18 °C, as well as a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with the driest month's precipitation narrowly missing the 60 mm mark. The city experiences significant rainfall year-round and the temperature there averages . Precipitation in the city averages . January is the city's driest month, while September tends to be the wettest.
Education
There are 3 universities, 12 senior high schools, 4 junior high schools, 16 elementary schools.
Universities
National Dong Hwa University, Meilun campus
Tzu Chi University
Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology
High schools
National Hualien Senior High School
Tzu Chi High School
Industries
Hualien City is the center of politics, economy and transportation of Hualien County.
Medical care
Hualien Tzu Chi Medical Center (First Medical Center in Eastern Taiwan) Mennonite Christian Hospital Hualien Hospital, Department of Health, Execusive Yuan