II. Spotted Annual Rock-rose (_H. guttatum_). An Annual, of erect habit; the lower leaves opposite, without stipules, the upper alternate, with stipules. Petals wedge-shaped, _yellow_, with a _red spot_ at the base of each. Stony places, Anglesea and Holyhead; very rare. More freely near Cork and in the Channel Islands. June to August.
III. Dwarf Rock-rose (_H. canum_). More woody than the others; stems trailing. The whole plant _hoary_, and much branched. Leaves opposite, without stipules. Flowers yellow, not numerous. May to July, from Glamorgan to Westmoreland.
=Bird’s-foot Trefoil= (_Lotus corniculatus_).
From June to October our commons, pastures, downs and railway banks are bright with the flowers of Bird’s-foot Trefoil, or as it is termed in some districts, Lady’s Slipper, a name which properly belongs to the rare orchis _Cypripedium_.
The plant belongs to the same Natural Order (_Leguminosæ_) as the Broom (_see_ page 7 _ante_), and its flowers are of similar construction, though much smaller. There is a short, woody, perennial rootstock, from which originate several trailing branches, which are themselves much branched. The leaves are not trefoils, as the name would lead us to suppose, for the apparent stipules at the base of the leaf-stalk are in this genus leaflets. The flowers, which are in spreading heads of from three to ten flowers, are of a pretty yellow, tinted with red. They are succeeded by little cylindrical pods about an inch in length, which, when three or four are in a cluster, present the appearance of a bird’s claws. The plant is a valued ingredient in the formation of pastures and meadows. The name was given to the genus because this was believed to be one of the plants to which the ancient Greeks applied the name Lotus.
There are three other species natives of Britain:--
I. Greater Bird’s-foot Trefoil (_L. uliginosus_). More or less erect in habit. The calyx-teeth _spreading_ in bud (in _L. corniculatus_ they are _erect_ in bud). Moist meadows and swampy places. July and August.
II. Hairy Bird’s-foot Trefoil (_L. hispidus_). Annual, trailing stems, long and slender, covered with lax hairs. Pods twice the length of calyx. Banks near the sea from Hants to Cornwall. July and August. Rare.