. Definitions. The following terms when used in this code shall be construed in the sense indicated in this article, unless the context shows that a different sense is intended, namely:
(1) ‘‘Department’’ shall be construed to refer, severally, to the
Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, the Department
of the Air Force, and, except when the Coast Guard is operating
as a part of the Navy, the Treasury Department;
(2) ‘‘Armed force’’ shall be construed to refer, severally, to the
Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and, except when operating as a part
of the Navy, the Coast Guard;
(3) ‘‘Navy’’ shall be construed to include the Marine Corps and, when operating as a part of the Navy, the Coast Guard;
(4) ‘‘The Judge Advocate General’’ shall be construed to refer, severally, to The Judge Advocates General of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, and, except when the Coast Guard is operating as a part of the Navy, the General Counsel of the Treasury Department;
(5) ‘‘Officer’’ shall be construed to refer to a commissioned officer
including a commissioned warrant officer;
(6) ‘‘Superior officer’’ shall be construed to refer to an officer
superior in rank or command;
(7) ‘‘Cadet’’ shall be construed to refer to a cadet of the United
States Military Academy or of the United States Coast Guard
Academy;
(8) ‘‘Midshipman’’ shall be construed to refer to a midshipman at
the United States Naval Academy and any other midshipman on
active duty in the naval service;
(9) ‘‘Enlisted person’’ shall be construed to refer to any person
who is serving in an enlisted grade in any armed force;
(10) ‘‘Military’’ shall be construed to refer to any or all of the
armed forces;
(11) ‘‘Accuser’’ shall be construed to refer to a person who signs and
swears to charges, to any person who directs that charges nominally
be signed and sworn by another, and to any other person who has an
interest other than an official interest in the prosecution of the
accused;
(12) ‘‘Law officer’’ shall be construed to refer to an official of a
general court-martial detailed in accordance with article 26;
(13) ‘‘Law specialist’’ shall be construed to refer to an officer of
the Navy or Coast Guard designated for special duty (law);
(14) ‘‘Legal officer’’ shall be construed to refer to any officer in the
Navy or Coast Guard designated to perform legal duties for a
command.
. Persons subject to the code.
The following persons are subject to this code:
(1) All persons belonging to a regular component of the armed
forces, including those awaiting discharge after expiration of their
terms of enlistment; all volunteers from the time of their muster or
acceptance into the armed forces of the United States; all inductees
from the time of their actual induction into the armed forces of the
United States, and all other persons lawfully called or ordered into, or
to duty in or for training in, the armed forces, from the dates they
are required by the terms of the call or order to obey the same;
(2) Cadets, aviation cadets, and midshipmen;
(3) Reserve personnel while they are on inactive duty training
authorized by written orders which are voluntarily accepted by them, which orders specify that they are subject to this code;
(4) Retired personnel of a regular component of the armed forces
who are entitled to receive pay;
(5) Retired personnel of a reserve component who are receiving
hospitalization from an armed force;
(6) Members of the Fleet Reserve and Fleet Marine Corps Reserve;
(7) All persons in custody of the armed forces serving a sentence
imposed by a court-martial;
(8) Personnel of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, Public Health
Service, and other organizations, when assigned to and serving with
the armed forces of the United States;
(9) Prisoners of war in custody of the armed forces;
(10) In time of war, all persons serving with or accompanying an
armed force in the field;