It is a Machiavelian counsel. Aristotle seems convinced that democrats can only _profess_ to speak for the rich and that all we can expect from oligarchs is an appearance of speaking in favour of the people. Nevertheless he recognises clearly that for the peace and well-being of the commonwealth such should be their attitude.
There is something more profound than this. Aristocrats ought not only to appear but to be verily favourable to the demos, if they understand the interests of aristocracy itself, for aristocracy requires a base. Democrats also ought not only to appear but to be aristocratic if they understand the interests of democracy which requires a guide.
This reciprocity of good offices, this reciprocity of devotion, and this combination of effort are as necessary in modern as they were in ancient republics. It is, and we must coin a word to express it, a social "synergy" that is wanted. A union of all the vitalizing elements is as necessary in society as in the family. Every family that is divided must perish, every kingdom that is divided must perish.
I have said little of royalty which only indirectly concerns my subject. If we have seen instances of the institution of royalty firmly established, it is where the sentiment of royalty, appealing at once both to the aristocracy and to the people, has realised that "synergy" of the whole community of which we speak; it is where both, being united in devotion to one object, are led to be devoted to each other by reason of this convergence of their wills. _Eadem velle, eadem nolle amicitia est._
There is no need of royalty for this. Royalty is our country itself personified in one man. In the identification of country and kingdom, we can and must arrive at this same union of the separate vitalities of the nation, at this same community and convergence of will. The humble must love their country in loving the great and the great must love their country in loving the humble; and so all classes must be at one in their hopes and in their fears. _Amicitia sit!_
Aristocracy, 36, 90, 137, 159 ---- aptitude for government, 230 ---- constitution which obeys laws, 88 ---- demophil, 2, 232, 233 ---- education under, 190 ---- and examination system, 176 ---- fusion with democracy, 231-233 ---- impossible without merit, 31 ---- old men under, 147 ---- of Parliament, 172 ---- permanent senators form, 58 ---- and religion, 205, 207 ---- result of indirect election, 19 ----- and special jurisdictions, 98