Otuke (Otuque, Otuqui) is an extinct language of the Macro-Jê family, related to Bororo. Otuke territory included what is now the Otuquis National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area in eastern Bolivia.
Etymology
Combès (2012) suggests that -toki ~ -tuki ~ -tuke (also present in the ethynonym Gorgotoqui) is likely related to the Bororo animate plural suffix -doge (i.e., used to form plural nouns for ethnic groups). Hence, the name Otuqui (Otuke) was likely etymologically related to the name Gorgotoqui.
Other varieties
Loukotka (1968) Several attested extinct Bororoan varieties were either dialects of Otuke or closely related: Covareca - Santa Ana mission, Bolivia Curuminaca - Casalvasco mission, Bolivia Coraveca (Curave, Ecorabe) - Santo Corazón mission, Bolivia Curucaneca (Curucane, Carruacane) - San Rafael mission, Bolivia Tapii - Santiago de Chiquitos mission, Bolivia
Chiquitano speakers also lived in many of the missions.
(See Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos for locations.)
Mason (1950) says the first four are "separate and very different", but Loukotka (1968) notes that nothing is known of Curave or Curucane (or of Tapii), that only 14 words of Curumina and 19 of Covare have been preserved.
Mason (1950) Mason (1950) lists the following varieties of Otuke:
Otuke
Otuké
Covareca
Curuminaca
Coraveca (?); Curavé (?) Curucaneca (?) Tapii (?)
Mason (1950) notes that Tapii may have been either Otukean or Zamucoan.
The following are listed as Bororo varieties by Mason (1950): Bororo Eastern: Orarimugudoge Western: Cabasal; Campanya Acioné Aravira Biriuné Coroa (?) Coxipo (?)
Further reading
de Créqui-Montfort, Georges and Paul Rivet. 1912. Linguistique Bolivienne: Le groupe Otuké. Journal de la Société des Américanistes IX: 317–352. de Créqui-Montfort, Georges and Paul Rivet. 1913. Linguistique Bolivienne: Les affinités des dialectes Otuké. Journal de la Société des Américanistes X: 369–377.