The flag and the coat of arms of Johor are state symbols of Johor, Malaysia. Like other states of Malaysia with Malay royalties, the state symbols of Johor are influenced by Johor's royalties, as well as Islam and the political and natural features of the state.
Flag
Design
Johor's state flag bears a canton pattern, a predominantly navy blue design with a bright red field on the upper left canton (quarter), which contains a white crescent and a white five-pointed star. Running slightly less than half the length of the flag, the field unconventionally occupies roughly three fifths of the flag's hoist. In addition, the crescent is not aligned upright, tilting to the right towards the lower fly end and wrapping slightly around the star, which is positioned towards the lower right corner of the field.
The flag in general attempts to symbolise Johor as a whole. The navy blue, which occupies roughly three quarters of the flag, represents the universe, or the state government. The red represents the warriors that defend the state, while the white crescent and white star denote Islam and Johor's sovereign ruler, respectively.
Variants
The vast majority of flags in use or formerly used by officials and government branches in the state borrow elements of the state flag, some of which are merely recolours. With the introduction of a unified state flag, many of them became obsolete, with the exception of the Royal Standards.
Standards
A series of Royal Standards are flown by the Sultan of Johor and his family, which lower-ranking members are assigned specific Standards. In addition, standards were also adopted for traditional high-ranking officials, including the bendahara, the Temenggung and the Sultan's Marshall.
The Standards are typically plain flags with a star (of varying numbers of points) and crescent, with truncating triangles placed on each corner of the flag; only the Standards of the Sultan and the Crown Prince are depicted without the truncations. In addition, each flag, with the exception of the Sultan's Enquerries, are coloured in only two colours, including white, blue, red and yellow. The number of points on the star also determines the rank of the Standard holder: The Sultan's Standard depicts a nine-pointed star, while the Standard for other members of the royal family depicts a five-pointed star.
The series of Standards include: the Standard of the Sultan: (Bendera Duli Yang Maha Mulia Baginda Sultan) A white flag with a blue nine-pointed star and crescent; the Standard of the Permaisuri: (Bendera Duli Yang Maha Mulia Baginda Permaisuri) A blue flag with a white seven-pointed star and crescent and four white triangles on each corner; the Standard of the Crown Prince: (Bendera Duli Yang Amat Mulia Tunku Mahkota) A white flag with a red seven-pointed star and crescent; the Standard of the Bendahara: (Bendera Yang Amat Mulia Tunku Bendahara) A white flag with a red five-pointed star and crescent and four red triangles on each corner; the Standard of the Temenggong: (Bendera Yang Amat Mulia Tunku Temenggong) Yellow flag with blue five-pointed star and crescent and four blue triangles on each corner; the Standard of the Laksamana: (Bendera Yang Amat Mulia Tunku Laksamana) Blue flag with yellow five-pointed star and crescent and four yellow triangles on each corner; the Standard of the Panglima: (Bendera Yang Amat Mulia Tunku Panglima) Blue flag with red five-pointed star and crescent and four red triangles on each corner; the Standard of the Putera: (Bendera Yang Amat Mulia Tunku Putera) Red flag with blue five-pointed star and crescent and four blue triangles on each corner; the Standard of the Sultan's Equerries: (Bendera Pengiring Raja) Black field with red canton containing a five-pointed white star and crescent, similar to the civil flag and ensign, but features a swallowtail that extends close to canton; and the Standard for other members of the royal family: (Bendera Kerabat Diraja) A yellow flag with a blue five-pointed star and crescent.