The is a Japanese book about laws and customs. The major part of the writing was completed in 927.
History
In 905, Emperor Daigo ordered the compilation of the Engishiki. Although previous attempts at codification are known to have taken place, neither the Konin nor the Jogan Gishiki survive, making the Engishiki important for early Japanese historical and religious studies.
Fujiwara no Tokihira began the task, but work stalled when he died four years later in 909. His brother Fujiwara no Tadahira continued the work in 912 eventually completing it in 927.
After a number of revisions, the work was used as a basis for reform starting in 967.
Contents
The text is 50 volumes in lengths and is organized by department: volumes 1–10: Department of Worship: In addition to regulating ceremonials including Daijyō-sai (the first Niiname-sai following the accession of a new emperor) and worship at Ise Grand Shrine and Saikū, this section of the Engishiki recorded liturgical texts, listed all 2,861 Shinto shrines existing at the time, except for and , and listed the 3,131 officially-recognized and enshrined Kami. Felicia Gressitt Bock published a two-volume annotated English language translation with an introduction entitled Engi-shiki; procedures of the Engi Era in 1970. volumes 11–40: Department of State and Eight Ministries volumes 41–49: Other departments volume 50: Miscellaneous laws ja:延喜式simple:Engishiki
Engishiki Jinmyocho
Engishiki Jinmyocho is a part of the Engishiki where the main shrines and gods of Japan are listed.
It is from it that many categorizations of Shinto shrines are found
simple:Engishiki_Jinmyocho
Myojin Taisha (名神大社) ones listed as especially significant. another class Shikinai Shosha (式內小社) minor shrines listed Shikigeisha (式外社) ones that were ignored by both the Engishiki Jinmyocho and the Rikkokushi Kokushi genzaisha (国史見在社) ones in the Rikkokushi but not the Engishiki.
Myojin Taisha
Myojin Taisha is a high rank of a Shinto shrine.
These shrines are considered "great shrines" or "taisha" under the ancient system of shrine rankings. Myojin Taisha shrines are found throughout Japan, particularly in the Kyoto-Osaka region, including Yamashiro, Yamato, Ōmi, Mutsu, Tajima, and Kii provinces. There are 224 shrines that enshrine 310 kami listed as Myojin Taisha in the Engishiki Jinmyocho. Additionally, there are 203 shrines with 285 kami listed for Myojinsai or "festivals for famed deities" in book 3 of Engishiki. While most of the shrines in these two listings overlap, there are some differences in names and numbers. There are several theories about these differences, but it is unclear why the lists differ. Myojin Taisha is one of the highest ranks of Shinto shrines.
A related list is the Kokushi genzaisha (国史見在社) which refers to shrines which appear in the Rikkokushi (六国史) but not in the Engishiki simple:Myojin Taisha simple:Shikinai Taisha
Shikinai Taisha
Shikinai Taisha (式内大社) are shrines that are listed in volumes 9 and 10 of the "Engishiki" as Shinto shrines, also known as Shikinaisha, that are ranked as major shrines. There are 492 of these shrines listed. This category includes both the historical shrines and their modern equivalents. However, shrines that are designated as "" are not included in this category.
Shikinai Shosha
Shikinai Shosha (式內小社) are shrines listed in the Engishiki Jinmyocho as minor shrines.
Shikigeisha
Shikigeisha (式外社) refers to Shinto shrines that were known to have existed in the early 10th century when the was being written, but were not included in it.
Shikigeisha, therefore, were considered "off-register" or "unofficial" shrines that were not recognized by the government as official state shrines.
Shikigeisha can be further classified into various categories, including shrines outside the control of the imperial court, those with their own power and influence, shrines that integrated Buddhism into their practices, and shrines managed by Buddhist monks. Additionally, some Shikigeisha lacked proper formal shrine buildings.
Shikigeisha contrast with Shikinaisha which are shrines that were recorded in the Engishiki.
Kokushi genzaisha are a type of Shikigeisha which appear in the Rikkokushi. ja:Shikigeisha
Kokushi genzaisha
Kokushi genzaisha (国史見在社) are a type of Shinto shrine. It means a shrine that appears in the Rikkokushi (六国史) but not in the Engishiki Jinmyocho