[186] No one who has seen “Le Penseur,” by Rodin, will doubt that plastic art can render Thought. But literature alone could tell us what he is thinking.
_When a subject is treated on more than one consecutive page, reference is usually made to the first page only._
Adaptation, in nature, how regarded by Paley, 3; argument from imperfect adaptations, 4, 14, 136, 143, 152; how conceived by evolution theory, 10, 12; Lamarck’s theory of, 68; Weismann’s theory, 93 _sqq._; Darwin’s explanation, 72; directive theory, 115 _sqq._; effects of new environment, 123 _sqq._ See Co-adaptation
_Amblystoma_, 40 (illustration facing), 125
Art, 158; and Beauty, 237, 251; origin of, 239; question of subject in, 244, 268; an expression of life, 246, 250; Greek and Hottentot ideals of, 253; classification of the arts, 254; art in structure, 256; in ornament, 259; artistic effect of use and service, 260. See Music, Dancing, Literature, etc.
Becoming, the universe a, 20, 186; Deity conceived as ‘becoming,’ 5
Bisexuality, significance of, in _Mollusca_, 101
Butterflies, protective colouring of, 15, 83, 98, 106, 113, 127
Cell, the, 29, 38; division of, 40 _sqq._; germ and sperm cells, 45, 51; fusion of, in reproduction, 53
Co-operation among animals, 104, _Appendix B_; among species, 138
Death, significance of, for the spirit, 190, 235
Deity, the end, not beginning of nature, 5; personality of, 14, 17; immanent or transcendent? 155; defined by Æschylus, 159; an infinite, not related to phenomena, 162; how approached by man, 159, 162, _Appendix A_
Determinants, 44; competition among, 98; significance of, in evolution, 68, 96
Duty, sense of, not created by pleasures and pains, 203; effects of, compared with those of self-indulgence, 212
Eimer, G., 77 _note_, 110, 113 _note_, 137, 143, 152
Energy, how obtained by plants, 25; developed by synthesis, 27, 147; vital and mechanical, how distinguished, 144, 146, 148; supposed effects of the equal distribution of, 222
Ethics, how affected by determinism, 162-3; ethical development a condition of Free-will, 171; the problem of evil, 199, 207; utilitarian systems of, 201; goal of ethical action, 203 _sqq._; sanction of ethical action, 234; ethics epitomized, 234; ethics of sex relations, _Appendix E_
