[273] Hobhouse, _Social Evolution and Political Theory_, New York, 1911, p. 25.
[274] There is something verging on a recognition of this in _W. P._, 403-4.
[291] Mrs. Gallichan, _The Truth about Woman_, New York, 1914, p. 281.
[292] Jos. McCabe, _Tyranny of Shams_, London, 1916, p. 171.
[293] Dr. Drysdale, _The Small Family System_, London, 1915.
[294] Winston Churchill in Parliament, quoted by Schoonmaker, The _World-War and Beyond_, New York, 1915, p. 95.
[295] Carver, _Essays in Social Justice_, New York, 1915, p. 261.
[296] The "experimental attitude ... substitutes detailed analyses for wholesale assertions, specific inquiries for temperamental convictions, small facts for opinions whose size is in precise ratio to their vagueness. It is within the social sciences, in morals, politics, and education, that thinking still goes on by large antitheses, by theoretical oppositions of order and freedom, individualism and socialism, culture and utility, spontaneity and discipline, actuality and tradition. The field of the physical sciences was once occupied by similar 'total' views, whose emotional appeal was inversely as their intellectual clarity. But with the advance of the experimental method, the question has ceased to be which one of two rival claimants has a right to the field. It has become a question of clearing up a confused subject matter by attacking it bit by bit. I do not know a case where the final result was anything like victory for one or another among the preëxperimental notions. All of them disappeared because they became increasingly irrelevant to the situation discovered, and with their detected irrelevance they became unmeaning and uninteresting."--Professor John Dewey, _New Republic_, Feb. 3, 1917.
[297] All this has been indicated--with, however, too little emphasis on the reconstructive function of intelligence--by Bertrand Russell in _Principles of Social Reconstruction_ (London, 1916); and more popularly by Max Eastman in _Understanding Germany_ (New York, 1916); it has been put very briefly again and again by Professor Dewey,--_e.g._, in an essay on "Progress" in the _International Journal of Ethics_, April, 1916.
[298] This is not a defence of mechanism or materialism; it is a plea for a better perspective in philosophy.