Pro-independence movements in the Russian Civil War within the territory of the former Russian Empire sought the creation of independent and non-Bolshevik nation states after the October Revolution, therefore being in direct conflict with the Russian Soviet Republic which sought to conquer them. They were often supported politically or militarily by the Entente Powers. Some of them co-operated with the Russian White movement, but others were in conflict with it. Many pro-independence movements emerged after the dissolution of the Russian Empire and fought in the Russian Civil War.
The following list presents some of the pro-independence movements and the conflicts they were involved in during this period.
Western periphery
(independence from 1917) White Guard Kingdom of Finland Finnish Civil War Heimosodat Viena expedition Aunus expedition United Baltic Duchy Baltic State (Lasted from April to September 1918) Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1918) (independence from 1918) Estonian Provisional Government Estonian War of Independence (independence from 1918) Latvian Provisional Government Iskolat Latvian War of Independence (independence from 1918) Perloja Central Lithuania Lithuanian Wars of Independence Polish–Lithuanian War (independence from 1918) Zakopane Tarnobrzeg Polish–Ukrainian War Polish–Soviet War Polish–Lithuanian War Ingrian People's Republic (independence March 1917–December 1918; invaded by the Russian SFSR and then partitioned between Finlands and the Ingrian SSR) Soviet Republic of Naissaar (independence 1917–1921; invaded by the Russian SFSR and then partitioned between Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and the Ukrainian SSR) Ukrainian State West Ukraine Komancza Hutsul Lemko Kholodny Yar Republic Ukrainian War of Independence Ukrainian–Soviet War Polish–Ukrainian War Belarus (independence 1918–1919; invaded by the Russian SFSR and then partitioned between Poland and the Belarusian SSR) Crimea (independence 1917–1918; invaded by the Russian SFR, later restored for a short while by the Ukrainian army, invaded and annexed by the Russian SFSR in 1921) Crimean Regional Government Crimean Frontier Government Moldavian Democratic Republic (united with Romania in 1918)
European Russia
East European Russia
Bashkiria (autonomy and de facto independence 1917–1919; joined the Russian SFSR) Idel-Ural (independence 1917–1918; annexed by the Russian SFSR) North European Russia North Ingria Committee of Uhtua Republic of Uhtua Provisional Government of White Karelia Provisional Government of Karelia Olonets Government of Southern Karelia Karelian United Government Republic of Eastern Karelia Karelian Temporary Committee Center Committee Karelian Village of Uhtua South European Russia Kuban Rada (formed into April, 1917. Became the Kuban People's Republic in 1918) Kuban People's Republic (independence 1918–1920; annexed by the Russian SFSR) (independence 1918–1919; annexed by the Russian SFSR)
Eastern periphery
Siberian regionalism
Siberian Republic
Evenkia
Buryat-Mongolia
Yakutia
Green Ukraine
Free State of Chukotka
Kamchatka
Tungus Republic
Far Eastern Republic. (De facto independent 1920-1922; merged with the RSFSR)
Caucasus
Transcaucasia
Azerbaijan (independence 1918–1920; invaded by the Russian SFSR and transformed into the Azerbaijan SSR) Republic of Aras Armenian–Azerbaijani War Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan (independence 1918–1921; invaded by the Russian SFSR and transformed into the Armenian SSR) Mountainous Armenia Georgian–Armenian War Armenian–Azerbaijani War Turkish–Armenian War Georgia (independence 1918–1921; invaded by the Russian SFSR and transformed into the Georgian SSR) Georgian–Ossetian conflict Georgian–Armenian War Sochi conflict Red Army invasion of Georgia Kars Republic Caucasian Emirate Mughan Centrocaspian Dictatorship United Republics (independence 1917–1922; annexed by the Russian SFSR)