We discuss transversity distributions and transverse spin asymmetries. First, $Q^2$ evolution results are shown for transversity and longitudinally polarized distributions. Second, the antiquark flavor asymmetry $\Delta_{ _T} \bar u/\Delta_{ _T} \bar d$ is discussed in two different descriptions, a meson-cloud model and an exclusion model. Both calculations produce a significant $\Delta_T \bar d$ excess over $\Delta_{ _T} \bar u$. Third, we explain general formalism of the polarized proton-deuteron Drell-Yan processes. This study is partly intended to find the asymmetry $\Delta_{ _T} \bar u/\Delta_{ _T} \bar d$ by the p-d asymmetry. However, the existence of tensor structure in the deuteron produces a number of new structure functions. There exist 108 structure functions and 22 ones even after integrating the cross section over the virtual-photon transverse momentum $\vec Q_T$.
Categories: hep-ph hep-ex nucl-th