Ernest William Dalrymple Tennant OBE (5 May 1887 – 31 July 1962) was an English merchant banker and industrialist. An advocate of closer links between the UK and Germany, he was a prominent voice for co-operation between the countries in the years before the Second World War. He was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1919.
Early years
Tennant served in the First World War with the Intelligence Corps, rising to the rank of captain. A merchant banker by profession, he was highly successful and developed extensive business interests in Germany. He was associated with various financial institutions, including the Anglo-Palestine Bank.
Links to Germany
A frequent visitor to Germany, Tennant hoped to encourage greater trade links with the UK. He was initially enthusiastic about Nazism and in 1933 his article "Herr Hitler and His Policy: March 1933" was published in Douglas Francis Jerrold's The English Review, a journal that was otherwise sceptical about the Nazis despite largely admiring Italian fascism. He wrote again for the journal in January 1935, claiming in his article "Herr Hitler's Constructive Policy" that many of the stories of Nazi excesses that appeared in the British press were exaggerations and part of "a smoke-screen of anti-Hitler propaganda". In order to encourage links, he led a trade delegation to Germany on 9 May 1934. On 20 September 1934, he met Adolf Hitler as part of a further delegation to Germany, along with Robert Vansittart and other industrialists. He also accompanied Paul Rykens and Montagu Norman on trips to Germany and was, along with Lord Rothermere, Esmond Harmsworth and George Ward Price (foreign correspondent of The Daily Mail), one of four guests of honour at a banquet thrown by Hitler on 19 December 1934.
During a trip to Germany in 1932, Tennant met Joachim von Ribbentrop and the two men became close friends, with Tennant regularly staying at von Ribbentrop's home in the exclusive Dahlem district of Berlin. Through a friendship with J. C. C. Davidson, Tennant was able to arrange a meeting between von Ribbentrop and Lord President of the Council Stanley Baldwin in November 1934. Accounts of the meeting vary, with Tennant claiming that Baldwin liked von Ribbentrop but Davidson suggesting the opposite. Tennant attempted to use the meeting as a basis for a Baldwin visit to Germany but, after some consideration, he declined the invitation and sent his Parliamentary Private Secretary Geoffrey Lloyd in his stead, a decision that Hitler interpreted as a snub. Tennant was able to arrange another meeting between von Ribbentrop and Baldwin in February 1935 but this was an altogether frostier affair, with Tennant condemning Baldwin roundly for what he considered the future Prime Minister's lack of diplomacy.
Anglo-German Fellowship
Tennant dined with von Ribbentrop and several British businessmen at the Savoy Hotel on 26 November 1934 at which they decided to organise the pro-German interests on a more formal basis. The plans came to fruition in September 1935 with the establishment of the Anglo-German Fellowship (AGF), an organisation of leading political and business figures in the UK dedicated to the establishment of closer links with Germany. Tennant was appointed the first secretary of the new group. He was also a prominent financier of the AGF and following its formation he was recognised as the main driving force behind the group, which for a time enjoyed widespread influence in the higher echelons of British society. He was for a time close to Richard Meinertzhagen, having met him through his father and brother, both of whom were merchant banking colleagues of Tennant. Meinertzhagen was also a founder member of the AGF.
Tennant was one of a group of prominent Britons who attended the Nuremberg rally in 1935. Unity Mitford, a virulent supporter of the Nazi movement, was also among those who travelled there. Tennant was not, however, a convinced Nazi and as early as 1935 had acknowledged that Nazi antisemitism was a source of embarrassment to those in the UK advocating closer links to Germany. He added that he intended not to listen to any specifically anti-Jewish speeches delivered at the rallies. Tennant also helped to facilitate David Lloyd George's visit to Germany the same year, with the former Prime Minister subsequently writing a favourable tribute to Hitler after the visit.