2. A speaker using improper language, introducing improper subjects, or otherwise out of order, should be called to order by the chairman, or any member, and must either conform to the regulations of the body, or take his seat.
3. A member while speaking can allow others to ask questions, or make explanations; but if he yields the floor to another, he cannot claim it again as his right.
4. If two members rise to speak at the same time, preference is usually given to the one farthest from the chair, or to the one opposing the question under discussion.
5. The fact that a person has several times arisen, and attempted to get the floor, gives him no claim or right to be heard. Nor does a call for the question deprive a member of his right to speak.
1. A question is put to vote by the chairman having first distinctly restated it, that all may vote intelligently. First, the _affirmative,_ then the _negative_ is called; each so deliberately as to give all an opportunity of voting. He then distinctly announces whether the motion is _carried,_ or _lost._
2. Voting is usually done by "aye" and "no," or by raising the hand. In a doubtful case by standing and being counted. On certain questions by ballot.
3. If the vote, as announced by the chairman, is doubted, it is called again, usually by standing to be counted.
4. All members should vote, unless for reasons excused; or unless under discipline, in which case they should take no part in the business.
5. The moderator does not usually vote, except the question be taken by ballot; but when the meeting is equally divided, he is expected, but is not obligated to give the casting vote.
6. When the vote is to be taken by ballot, the chairman appoints _tellers,_ to distribute, collect, and count the ballots.
1. Committees are nominated by the chairman, if so directed by the body, or by any member; and the nomination is confirmed by a vote of the body. More commonly the body directs that all committees shall be _appointed_ by the chairman, in which case no vote is needed to confirm.
2. Any matter of business, or subject under debate, may be _referred_ to a committee, with or without instructions. The committee make their _report,_ which is the result of their deliberations. The body then takes action on the report, and on any recommendations it may contain.