== — QUALITY AND SURVEILLANCE==
. (a) In General.— Title IX of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 299 et seq.) is amended— (1) by redesignating part D as part E;
(2) by redesignating sections 931 through 938 as sections 941 through 948, respectively;
(3) in section 938(1), by striking ``931´´ and inserting ``941´´; and
(4) by inserting after part C the following:
. ``(a) In general.—There is established the Center for Quality Improvement (referred to in this part as the ‘Center’), to be headed by the Director.
``(b) Prioritization.—
``(1) In general.—The Director shall prioritize areas for the identification, development, evaluation, and implementation of best practices (including innovative methodologies and strategies) for quality improvement activities in the delivery of health care services (in this section referred to as ‘best practices’).
``(2) Considerations.—In prioritizing areas under paragraph (1), the Director shall consider— ``(A) the priorities established under section 1191 of the Social Security Act; and
``(B) the key health indicators identified by the Assistant Secretary for Health Information under section 1709.
``(c) Other responsibilities.—The Director, acting directly or by awarding a grant or contract to an eligible entity, shall— ``(1) identify existing best practices under subsection (e);
``(2) develop new best practices under subsection (f);
``(3) evaluate best practices under subsection (g);
``(4) implement best practices under subsection (h);
``(5) ensure that best practices are identified, developed, evaluated, and implemented under this section consistent with standards adopted by the Secretary under section 3004 for health information technology used in the collection and reporting of quality information (including for purposes of the demonstration of meaningful use of certified electronic health record (EHR) technology by physicians and hospitals under the Medicare program (under sections 1848(o)(2) and 1886(n)(3), respectively, of the Social Security Act)); and
``(6) provide for dissemination of information and reporting under subsections (i) and (j).
``(d) Eligibility.—To be eligible for a grant or contract under subsection (c), an entity shall— ``(1) be a nonprofit entity;
``(2) agree to work with a variety of institutional health care providers, physicians, nurses, and other health care practitioners; and
``(3) if the entity is not the organization holding a contract under section 1153 of the Social Security Act for the area to be served, agree to cooperate with and avoid duplication of the activities of such organization.
``(e) Identifying existing best practices.—The Secretary shall identify best practices that are— ``(1) currently utilized by health care providers (including hospitals, physician and other clinician practices, community cooperatives, and other health care entities) that deliver consistently high-quality, efficient health care services; and
``(2) easily adapted for use by other health care providers and for use across a variety of health care settings.
``(f) Developing new best practices.—The Secretary shall develop best practices that are— ``(1) based on a review of existing scientific evidence;
``(2) sufficiently detailed for implementation and incorporation into the workflow of health care providers; and
``(3) designed to be easily adapted for use by health care providers across a variety of health care settings.
``(g) Evaluation of best practices.—The Director shall evaluate best practices identified or developed under this section. Such evaluation— ``(1) shall include determinations of which best practices— ``(A) most reliably and effectively achieve significant progress in improving the quality of patient care; and
``(B) are easily adapted for use by health care providers across a variety of health care settings;
``(2) shall include regular review, updating, and improvement of such best practices; and
``(3) may include in-depth case studies or empirical assessments of health care providers (including hospitals, physician and other clinician practices, community cooperatives, and other health care entities) and simulations of such best practices for determinations under paragraph (1).