A body of enterprising Manchester merchants, in the year 1754, put on the road a "flying coach," which, according to their special advertisement, would, "however incredible it may appear, actually, barring accidents, arrive in London in four and a half days after leaving Manchester." According to the Lord Chancellor of the time such swift travelling was considered dangerous as well as wonderful--the condition of the roads might well make it so--and also injurious to health. "I was gravely advised," he says, "to stay a day in York on my journey between Edinburgh and London, as several passengers who had gone through without stopping had died of apoplexy from the rapidity of the motion."
As the coach took a fortnight to pass from the Scotch to the English capital, at an average pace of between three and four miles an hour, it is probable that the Chancellor's advisers would be very seriously indisposed by the mere sight of a motor-car whirling along in its attendant cloud of dust, could they be resuscitated for the purpose. And we, on the other hand, should prefer to get out and walk to "flying" at the safe speed of their mail coaches.
[Illustration: _By kind permission of The Speedwell Motor Co._
_M. Serpollet on the "Easter Egg," which at Nice covered a kilometre in the record time of 29-4/5 secs. (over 75 miles per hour). This car is run with steam._]
The improvement of highroads, and road-making generally, accelerated the rate of posting. In the first quarter of the nineteenth century an average of ten or even twelve miles an hour was maintained on the Bath Road. But that pace was considered inadequate when the era of the "iron horse" commenced, and the decay of stage-driving followed hard upon the growth of railways. What should have been the natural successor of the stage-coach was driven from the road by ill-advised legislation, which gave the railroads a monopoly of swift transport, which has but lately been removed.
The history of the steam-coach, steam-carriage, automobile, motor-car--to give it its successive names--is in a manner unique, showing as it does, instead of steady development of a practical means of locomotion, a sudden and decisive check to an invention worthy of far better treatment than it received. The compiler of even a short survey of the automobile's career is obliged to divide his account into two main portions, linked together by a few solitary engineering achievements.