Serdity () was one of 18 s (officially known as Project 7U) built for the Soviet Navy during the late 1930s. Although she began construction as a Project 7 , Serdity was completed in 1940 to the modified Project 7U design.
Serving with the Baltic Fleet, she participated in minelaying operations after the start of the German invasion of the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa) in June 1941. Serdity engaged German minesweepers in the Irbe Strait on 6 July without result, and on 18 July was damaged by a friendly air attack. While anchored off Hiiumaa the following day, she was sunk by German bombers. Her survivors were taken off by other destroyers and what remained of the ship was broken up for scrap postwar.
Design
Originally built as a Gnevny-class ship, Serdity and her sister ships were completed to the modified Project 7U design after Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, ordered that the latter be built with their boilers arranged en echelon, instead of linked as in the Gnevnys, so that a ship could still move with one or two boilers disabled.
Like the Gnevnys, the Project 7U destroyers had an overall length of and a beam of , but they had a reduced draft of at deep load. The ships were slightly overweight, displacing at standard load and at deep load. The crew complement of the Storozhevoy class numbered 207 in peacetime, but this increased to 271 in wartime, as more personnel were needed to operate additional equipment. Each ship had a pair of geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller, rated to produce using steam from four water-tube boilers, which the designers expected would exceed the speed of the Project 7s because there was additional steam available. Some fell short of it, although specific figures for most individual ships have not survived. Variations in fuel oil capacity meant that the range of the Project 7Us varied from at .
The ships mounted four B-13 guns in two pairs of superfiring single mounts fore and aft of the superstructure. Anti-aircraft defense was provided by a pair of 34-K AA guns in single mounts and three 21-K AA guns, as well as four DK or DShK machine guns. They carried six torpedo tubes in two rotating triple mounts amidships. The ships could also carry a maximum of 58 to 96 mines and 30 depth charges. They were fitted with a set of Mars hydrophones for anti-submarine work, although these were useless at speeds over .
Construction and World War II
Serdity was laid down in Shipyard No. 189 (Sergo Ordzhonikidze) in Leningrad with the yard number 298 on 25 October 1936 as a Gnevny-class destroyer with the name of Likhoy. She was relaid down as a Project 7U destroyer on 15 October 1938, and launched on 21 April 1939. The ship was renamed Serdity on 25 September 1940 before acceptance by a state commission on 15 October, although she did not officially join the Baltic Fleet until 12 April 1941, when the Soviet naval jack was raised aboard her.
In the days after the 22 June beginning of Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, Serdity participated in minelaying with her sister ships of the 2nd Division on 24 and 26 June. The destroyer moved north to the Kuivastu roadstead on 27 June due to the German advance, and after the departure of the remainder of the Light Forces Detachment for Tallinn she was left to defend the Gulf of Riga with her sister and the elderly destroyer . The destroyer expended 115 130 mm shells during the 6 July Battle of Irbe Strait against the German minesweeping support ship Minenräumschiff-11 (the former Osnabrück) and her attached minesweepers. Due to an inexperienced gunnery officer who was unable to distinguish the fall of Silny's shells from those of his own ship, all of the shells missed.