Ireton, Henry, supports the Independents, vi. 45; his influence with the army, 51; policy, 54, 56, 57, 81; Irish campaign and death, 109; his corpse outraged, 201
Irishmen, United, viii. 118-120, 127, 128
Iron, manufactures of, iv. 279; mines, i. 30; ii. 107; trade in eighteenth century, viii. 54, 57
Isabel I., queen of Castille, iii. 186, 187
Isabella of Angoulême, wife of King John, ii. 33
Isabella of France, wife of Edward II., ii. 186, 197, 198, 207, 208
Isabella of France, wife of Richard II., ii. 368
Isabella, daughter of Philip II. of Spain, iv. 372; v. 121
Italy, the Renascence in, iii. 189, 190; northern, conquered by Charles VIII. of France, 206; by Francis I., 233; by Buonaparte, viii. 122, 123, 125
Jacobites, vii. 68; their plots, 102, 103, 105; relations with the Tories, 166-168; rise in 1715, 183, 184; in 1745, 228-230
Jamaica conquered by the English, vi. 117
James (I.), son of Robert III. of Scotland, iii. 15; prisoner in England, 16; king, _ib._, 183; murdered, 184
James IV., king of Scots, iii. 184, 185, 210
James V., king of Scots, iii. 248; iv. 23, 25, 26
James (VI.) of Scotland, born, iv. 231; crowned, 259; relations with Lennox and the Guises, 346; alliance with Elizabeth, 350; relations with Essex and Robert Cecil, v. 63; king of England, 122; his early life, 122-124; character and purpose, 124, 125; struggle with the nobles, 128; with the Kirk, 133, 134, 139-143; his _Basilikon Dôron_, 143; enters London, 146; person and character, 146-148; policy, 144, 149, 150; gives relief to the Catholics, 150; refuses Puritan demands, 152, 153; proposes union with Scotland, 154; takes title of King of Great Britain, 155; his impositions, 160, 161; struggle with the Assembly and the Kirk, 164-166; with English law, 168; his _True Law of Free Monarchy_, 169; his theory of monarchy, _ib._, 170; financial straits, 172; struggle with Parliament, 179-182; his own minister, 185, 186; sets aside the council, 187; his favourites, 188, 189; backs the divorce of Lady Essex, 190, 191, 193; immorality of his court, 193, 194; summons Parliament, 195; dissolves it, 196; revives benevolences, 197, 198, 229; checks the growth of London, 198, 199; increases the peerage, 200; relations with the judges, 201, 202; dismisses Coke, 202; policy towards Spain, 211, 212; towards Germany and Bohemia, 218, 219; revives monopolies, 222; quarrel with Parliament, 228, 229; tears its Protestation, 229; overborne by Buckingham, 235; death, 239; letters of, iv. 4; authorities for his reign, v. 71