_Difficulty of Cross-country Travel—Expedition moves towards the Mountains—Arrival at the Iwaka River—Changing Scenery—The Impassable Iwaka—A Plucky Gurkha—Building a Bridge—We start into the Mountains—Fording Rivers—Flowers—Lack of Water on Hillside—Curious Vegetation—Our highest Point—A wide View—Rare Birds—Coal—Uninhabitable Country—Dreary Jungle—Rarely any Beauty—Remarkable Trees—Occasional Compensations_ 229

_Departure from Parimau—Parting Gifts—Mock Lamentation—Rawling explores Kamura River—Start for the Wania—Lose the Propeller—A Perilous Anchorage—Unpleasant Night—Leave the Motor Boat—Village of Nimé—Arrival of “Zwaan” with Dayaks—Their Departure—Waiting for the Ship—Taking Leave of the People of Wakatimi—Sail from New Guinea—Ké Islands—Banda—Hospitality of the Netherlands Government—Lieutenant Cramer—Sumbawa—Bali—Return to Singapore and England—One or two Reflexions_ 246

Pygmies and Papuans — Part 4

_Notes on the Birds collected by the B.O.U Expedition to Dutch New Guinea. By W. R. Ogilvie-Grant_ 263

Pygmies and Papuans — Part 4

_The Pygmy Question. By Dr. A. C. Haddon, F.R.S._ 303

Pygmies and Papuans — Part 4

_Notes on Languages in the East of Netherlands New Guinea. By Sidney H. Ray, M.A._ 322

(_Except where it is otherwise stated, the illustrations are from photographs by the Author._)

CAMP OF THE EXPEDITION AT WAKATIMI (Photo by C. G. RAWLING and E. S. MARSHALL) 48

A HOUSE FOR CEREMONIES, MIMIKA (Photo by C. G. RAWLING and E. S. MARSHALL) 48

JANGBIR AND HERKAJIT, (Photo by C. G. RAWLING and E. S. MARSHALL) 68

VEGETATION ON THE BANKS OF THE KAPARE RIVER 86

PAPUAN WOMAN CARRYING WOODEN BOWL OF SAGO 90

CICATRIZATION (Photo by C. G. RAWLING and E. S. MARSHALL) 112

PAPUAN WITH FACE WHITENED WITH SAGO POWDER 112

DISPOSAL OF THE DEAD: A COFFIN ON TRESTLES 139

SPLITTING WOOD WITH STONE AXE, (Photo by C. G. RAWLING and E. S. MARSHALL) 148

A TRIBUTARY STREAM OF THE KAPARE RIVER 159

THE CAMP AT PARIMAU: A PRECAUTION AGAINST FLOODS 188

MOUNT TAPIRO FROM THE VILLAGE OF THE PYGMIES 208

BRIDGE MADE BY THE EXPEDITION ACROSS THE IWAKA RIVER 234

LOOKING WEST FROM ABOVE THE IWAKA (Photo by C. H. B. GRANT) 238

COCKSCOMB MOUNTAIN SEEN FROM MT. GODMAN (Photo by C. G. RAWLING and E. S. MARSHALL) 238

BLADES OF PADDLES, AND BAMBOO PENIS-CASES 144

A LANGUAGE MAP OF NETHERLANDS NEW GUINEA 342