[Greek: b] UNGUICULI (the _Claws_). One or two pair of moveable incurved claws, which usually arm the apex of the _Ungula_[1103].
[Greek: g] PLANTULA (the _Plantula_). A minute accessory joint, sometimes attached within the claws to the apex of the _Ungula_[1104]. Ex. The _Lucanidæ_. It includes the _Pseudonychia_.
* PSEUDONYCHIA (the _Spurious Claws_). Two stiff clawlike bristles, that terminate the _Plantula_[1105].
_C_ SOLEA (the _Sole_). The underside of the _Tarsus_[1106]. It includes the _Pulvilli_.
_a_ PULVILLI (the _Pulvilli_). Cushions of short hairs very closely set; or of membrane, capable of being inflated, or very soft; or concave plates, which cover the underside, or their apex, of the four first joints of the _Manus_ or _Tarsus_, and sometimes even of the ends of the _Calcaria_, as in _Cimbex_; which act so as to produce a vacuum, and enable the animal to suspend itself, or walk against gravity[1107]. Ex. _Timarcha_, _Buprestis_, _Priocera_ K., the _Gryllina_, _Muscidæ_, &c.
The _Abdomen_ is the _third_ or posterior section of the body which follows the _Truncus_[1108]. It includes the _Tergum_, _Venter_, _Petiolus_, _Cauda_, and _Anus_.
i. TERGUM (the _Tergum_). The upper or supine surface of the abdomen[1109]. It includes the _Segmenta Dorsalia_, and _Pulmonaria_.
1. SEGMENTA DORSALIA (the _Dorsal Segments_). Transverse segments of the back, the sides of which often lap over and cover those of the ventral segments[1110].
2. PULMONARIA (the _Pulmonary Space_). Two longitudinal soft spaces, capable of tension and relaxation, one on each side of the back of the abdomen, in which, where they exist, the dorsal spiracles are planted[1111]. They include the _Spiracula Dorsalia_.
a SPIRACULA DORSALIA (the _Dorsal Spiracles_). Lateral breathing-pores observable in the dorsal segments, often covered by the preceding segment[1112].
ii. VENTER (the _Belly_). The lower or prone part of the abdomen[1113]. It includes the _Hypochondria_, _Epigastrium_[1114], _Segmenta Ventralia_, and _Elastes_.
1. HYPOCHONDRIA (the _Hypochondria_). Two portions of segments, one on each side; which in some genera[1115] (_Carabus_ L., &c.) intervene between the first _intire_ ventral segment and the posterior part of the _Postpectus_.