The concrete in these walls was placed late in the season, and the expansion cracks, which were entirely confined to the =V=-shaped joints, were quite small even in the coldest weather of the following winter, nor were there any indications during the past summer of any stresses due to expansion. The coping and drain at the top of the wall were built together, but separate from the rest of the wall, the joint being made as shown in the sketch on Fig. 19. Thus far, there has seemed to be no seepage through either the vertical or horizontal joints.
The portal is built of granite, a half elevation being shown on Fig. 19, the stone being supplied by the Millstone Granite Company, Millstone Point, Conn. Fig. 3, Plate XXVII, shows the portal and the cut-and-cover section after the arches were completed but not covered.
The forms for the concrete in the approach were made of ordinary dressed lumber, and the surface was rubbed twice after the forms were removed, which was as soon as possible after the concrete had set. The surface was first very lightly rubbed with a piece of soft, light-colored, sandstone to remove any irregularities, being wetted slightly if necessary while being rubbed. After the concrete had become fairly hard and dry, it was rubbed a second time and a uniform texture and color obtained. The completion of this work was delayed until the second week in January, and considerable difficulty was encountered in obtaining a good finish of that part which was built after cold weather set in, when it was necessary to protect it from frost. Unless extreme care was taken to prevent freezing after the rubbing, the entire surface was likely to scale off, although no cement or other material was added to it after the removal of the forms. A general view of the completed approach is shown by Fig. 4, Plate XXVII.
---------------------+----------------------+-----------------------+ | DAY. | NIGHT. | Title. +-----+-------+--------+-----+-------+---------+ | No. | Rate. | Amount.| No. | Rate. | Amount. | ---------------------+-----+-------+--------+-----+-------+---------+ Walking bosses | 2 | $5.00 | $10.00 | | | | Timekeeper | 2 | 3.00 | 6.00 | | | | Watchmen | | | | 5 | $2.00 | $10.00 | Waterboys | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 | | | | Carpenter foremen | 2 | 3.50 | 7.00 | 1 | 4.00 | 4.00 | Carpenters | 14 | 2.50 | 35.00 | 8 | 2.50 | 20.00 | Pipe-fitters | 1 | 3.00 | 3.00 | | | | Pipe-fitter’s helper | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 | | | | Wheelwright | 1 | 2.75 | 2.75 | | | | Wheelwright’s helper | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 | | | | Blacksmith | 1 | 3.00 | 3.00 | | | | Blacksmith’s helper | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 | | | | Foremen riggers | 1 | 3.00 | 3.00 | | | | Riggers | 6 | 1.75 | 10.50 | | | | Foremen trackmen | 1 | 3.00 | 3.00 | | | | Trackmen | 6 | 1.50 | 9.00 | | | | Machinist | 2 | 3.00 | 6.00 | | | | Machinist’s helper | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 | | | | Electrician | 2 | 3.00 | 6.00 | 1 | 2.50 | 2.50 | Electrician’s helper | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 | | | | Lampman | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 | | | | Pumpman | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 | | | | Finishers | 3 | 2.50 | 7.50 | | | | Hoist engineers | 12 | 3.00 | 36.00 | | | | Dinky engineers | 5 | 2.75 | 13.75 | 1 | 2.75 | 2.75 | Brakemen | 5 | 1.75 | 8.75 | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 | Switchmen | 1 | 1.50 | 1.50 | | | | Barnmen | 1 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 1 | 2.50 | 2.50 | Drivers | 9 | 1.50 | 13.50 | | | | Foremen ductmen | | | | 2 | 2.50 | 2.50 | Ductmen | | | | 5 | 2.00 | 10.00 | Foremen laborers | 13 | 3.50 | 45.50 | 2 | 3.50 | 7.00 | Laborers | 120 | 1.75 | 210.00 | 20 | 1.75 | 35.00 | Compressor engineer | 1 | 3.50 | 3.50 | 1 | 3.50 | 3.50 | Firemen | 2 | 2.50 | 5.00 | 1 | 2.50 | 2.50 | Oiler | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 | | | | Coal passers | 2 | 1.75 | 3.50 | 1 | 1.75 | 1.75 | ---------------------+-----+-------+--------+-----+-------+---------+ Totals | 334 | |$469.75 | 50 | | $108.25 |