ACTION AND USES: Used externally in the form of a lotion as application for ringworm and other parasitic diseases. Internally, rarely as cathartic.
=Solanum (Solan.), Solanum, N.F.= (Horsenettle Berries).--Ripe fruit.
ACTION AND USES: Rarely used as a sedative in convulsions and epilepsy; probably ineffective.
_Fluidextractum Solani (Fldext. Solan.), Fluidextract of Solanum, N.F._--Solanum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.
=Sparteinae Sulphas (Spartein. Sulph.), Sparteine Sulphate, U.S.P.=
Colorless, odorless, hygroscopic crystals or powder, having a slightly saline and somewhat bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.1) and in alcohol (1:3).
ACTION AND USES: Has been widely exploited as a diuretic, but on insufficient evidence. Is of little use and is now less frequently employed than formerly. Large doses slow and weaken the heart.
=SPECIES.=--Mixtures of vegetable drugs used as teas or poultices. For the official mixtures, see Species Emollientes, N.F., under =Althaea Folia;= Species Laxativae, N.F., under =Senna=, and Species Pectorales, under =Althaea=.
=Spigelia (Spigelia), Spigelia, U.S.P.= (Pinkroot).--Rhizome and roots.
ACTION AND USES: Obsolete anthelmintic for ascarides. Inferior to santonin.
_Fluidextractum Spigeliae (Fldext. Spigel.), Fluidextract of Spigelia, U.S.P._ (Fluidextract of Pinkroot).--Spigelia (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.
=SPIRITUS, SPIRITS.--=Alcoholic solutions of either gaseous, liquid, or solid volatile substances.
For the official spirits, see under the names of the respective principal constituents. For Spiritus Cinnamomi, see under =Oleum Cassiae=; for Spiritus Odoratus, under =Oleum Bergamottae=. For the following, see under the respective oils: Spiritus Amygdalae Amarae, Spiritus Anisi, Spiritus Aurantii Compositus, Spiritus Cardamomi Compositus, Spiritus Juniperi, Spiritus Juniperi Compositus, Spiritus Lavandulae, Spiritus Menthae Piperitae, Spiritus Menthae Viridis, Spiritus Myrciae Compositus, Spiritus Sinapis.
=SPIRITUS OLEORUM VOLATILIUM, SPIRITS OF VOLATILE OILS=.--Volatile oil (6.5%) in alcohol.
=Staphisagria (Staphisag.), Staphisagria, U.S.P.= (Stavesacre).--Seeds.
ACTION AND USES: To destroy pediculi. The contained alkaloid, delphinine, is toxic, resembling aconitine in its physiologic action.