BRANDEIS, Louis Dembitz, associate justice
of U. S. Supreme Court, b. in Louisville, Ky., 13 Nov., 1856, son of Adolph and Fredericka (Dembitz) Brandeis. He began his education in the public schools of his native city, and continued his studies at the Annen Realschule, in Dresden, which he attended from 1873 to 1875. He then entered the law school of Harvard University, where he was graduated LL.B. with the class of 1877. After another year of study he began practice in St. Louis, Mo., but in July, 1879, removed to Boston, where he formed a partnership with his classmate, Samuel D. Warren, under the firm style of Warren and Brandeis, which continued until 1897, when the firm was reorganized as Brandeis, Dunbar and Nutter. This style continued until Mr. Brandeis' confirmation as Supreme Court justice in 1916. Mr. Brandeis first attained local prominence in public affairs in the extensive investigations of the public institutions of Boston, which occupied most of the year 1894. From 1896 to 1902 he was engaged in the struggle which resulted in establishing Boston's municipal subway system. In 1903 he entered upon the great Boston gas controversy. For many years previously the Boston gas situation had been in constant turmoil, in which various financiers and speculators and some legislators had been concerned. Investors in the securities of the Boston gas companies had lost much money, and some of them felt that they had been robbed. Consumers were paying from $1.00 to $1.20 per thousand foot for gas and there was a strong feeling on the part of the general public that it was being robbed. There had been several legislative investigations, one of which, that in 1900 resolved itself into a most interesting and picturesque situation, recounted by Mr. Lawson in preliminary chapters of the work which later gained so wide a reading under the title “Frenzied Finance.” But none of these investigations