Leverett (Monogr. U. S. Geol. Surv. LIII, p. 99) states that in parts of central Indiana the Wisconsin drift may be relatively thin, as little as from 15 to 20 feet. In western Tipton and southern Clinton Counties a buried soil about 20 feet below the surface seems to represent the land surface previous to the Wisconsin invasion. In southern Madison County a black mucky soil, carrying pieces of wood large enough to be called logs, underlies the till at from 15 to 40 feet. Such a soil would be the product of the interval between the Illinoian glacial stage and the Wisconsin, probably either Sangamon or Peorian. In such deposits there might be found vertebrate remains, possibly even of horses.
19. _Fairmount Township, Grant County._—In 1883, A. J. Phinney, M. D., in describing the geology of Grant County (13th Ann. Rep. Geol. Surv. Indiana, p. 143), reported that some years previously the tooth of a mastodon was found in one of the marshes south of the lake in Fairmount Township, number 23 north, range 8 east. In another part of the report it is stated that the lake was in section 14. It covered at the time of writing about 10 acres, but had formerly covered about 30 acres. The drainage is now north into the Mississinawa River; but, before the Wisconsin ice had withdrawn to where the Mississinawa moraine now is, the drainage was toward the south into White River. At some time after the retirement of the ice from this region it became occupied by mastodons, elephants, giant beavers, and doubtless many other species of animals.
21. _Muncie, Delaware County._—A. J. Phinney, in 1882 (11th Ann. Rep. Geol. Surv. Indiana, p. 131), reported that a mastodon tooth was found 4.5 miles west of Muncie, on the farm of Edward McKinley. No details as to depth or kind of soil were given. The tooth is said to have measured 4 by 5.5 inches, with a depth of 7 inches. Unless the roots were present and large it seems not unlikely that the tooth was that of an elephant. Phinney did not say that he saw the tooth. He reported other supposed mastodon remains which had been found in this county, but there is no assurance that they were correctly identified. Whatever proboscideans they were, they lived after the Wisconsin ice had retreated from that region.
