The river of _Surabáya_, the second in magnitude of the whole island, rises near _Bátu_, in the vicinity of the southern hills of the mountain _Arjúna_. It is near its source called _Káli-brántas_. Near the capital of _Málang_ it receives two streams from the eastward. There it first takes its course through the most southern provinces of the island, when winding round the mountain _Káwi_ it returns again to the north, receiving near its curvature numerous augmentations from the southern ridge of mountains. The chief of these is the _Lésti_, a considerable river coming from the east, which joins it near the boundary of _Málang_ and _Seríng'at_. Continuing its course in a northern direction, it traverses the provinces of _Rówo_ and _Kedíri_, being joined on the way by the river _Rówo_: here it attains its utmost magnitude, and is distinguished by the name of _Beng'áwan Kedíri_. From the capital of this district to its mouths, it is navigable for boats of very considerable size, and its course is steady and uninterrupted. Having crossed the district of _Wirasába_ and _Jápan_, it enters that of _Surabáya_. It discharges itself into the ocean by five outlets, which form as many separate rivers. The first of them, taking an easterly course, is called the river _Púnong_: then follow those of _Tang'goláng'ing_, _Sído-kéri_, _Kedóng_, and lastly of _Wóno-króno_, which again subdividing sends off the branch which passes _Surabáya_.
Several smaller rivers, which fall into the sea between _Semárang_ and _Lásem_, are highly important for the conveyance of teak timber from the central forests to the coast; and the waters from some of them being directed into canals, particularly through the low district of _Demák_, tend considerably to increase the inland navigation of the country.
In the western districts, the principal rivers which discharge themselves into the sea on the northern coast are the _Chikándi_, which forms the present boundary between Bantam and the environs of Batavia; the _Chi-dáni_, which discharges itself below _Táng'ran_; the _Chi-tárom_, which falls into the sea below _Kráwang_; and the _Chi-mánok_, which forms the present boundary between _Dramáyu_ and _Chéribon_. The principal rivers which discharge themselves by the south coast are the _Chi-mandíri_, which falls into the sea at _Palábuan-rátu_, or Wyn Coops Bay; the _Chi-tándui_, which disembogues near _Núsa-kambáng'an_; and the _Seráyu_, which taking its rise in the mountain _Díeng_ or _Práhu_, traverses the rich districts of _Bányumas_, and falls into the sea a short distance to the east of _Cheláchap_; but these rivers, though of considerable depth, are choked up at their mouths by heavy banks or bars, and in consequence of the heavy surf which constantly breaks on the southern coast, are dangerous at their entrance.