The 1711 Sales Auction Catalogue of the Library of Sir Thomas Browne highlights the erudition of the physician, philosopher and encyclopedist, Sir Thomas Browne (1605-1682). It also illustrates the proliferation, distribution and availability of books printed throughout 17th century Europe which were purchased by the intelligentsia, aristocracy, priest, physician and educated merchant-class.
Biography
Browne graduated from the University of Leiden in 1633 having previously studied at the Universities of Montpellier and Padua for his medical degree. Upon his establishment in Norwich as a physician in 1637 he was able to begin a lifetime's bibliophilia, building a private library, acquiring and reading an estimated 1,500 titles. He was adept in five contemporary languages: French, Italian, Spanish, Dutch and Danish; these languages as well as Greek and Hebrew and the predominant written form of the Renaissance, namely Latin, are all represented in his Library.
The catalogue
The 1711 Sales Auction Catalogue reflects the wide scope of Browne's interests. It includes many of the sources of his encyclopaedia Pseudodoxia Epidemica which went through six editions (1646 to 1672); and established him as one of the leading intellects of 17th-century Europe.
Browne's erudite learning is reflected by the Classics of antiquity as well as history, geography, philology, philosophy, anatomy, theology, cartography, embryology, medicine, cosmography, ornithology, mineralogy, zoology, travel, law, mathematics, geometry, literature, both Continental and English, the latest advances in scientific thinking in astronomy, chemistry as well as esoteric topics such as astrology, alchemy, physiognomy and the Kabbalah are all represented in the Catalogue of his library contents. It was however not until 1986 that the Catalogue was first made widely available. The American scholar Jeremiah Stanton Finch, Dean Emeritus at Princeton University took on the task of indexing Browne's work during his retirement, completing the indexing of the books of Sir Thomas and his son Edward Browne's libraries, "after many years in many libraries". Finch noted that the Catalogue advertised books of sculpture and painting, which somehow were never delivered to the auction house. In the event, the auction held upon 8–10 January 1711 was attended by Jonathan Swift and buyers working on behalf of Sir Hans Sloane. Thus an unknown percentage of books auctioned from the Library of Sir Thomas Browne subsequently formed the foundation for the future British Library.
The 1711 Sales Auction Catalogue records the omnivorous reading and bibliophilia which Browne engaged upon for roughly sixty years, it also exemplifies the observation:
to the student of the history of ideas in its modern sense of the inter-relationship between science, art and philosophy, Browne is of great importance.
Greek literature
Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides ed. Johannes Meursius Leiden 1612
Archimedes, Opera 1615
Aristotle, Opera, 1615
Rhetorica, 1619
De Mundo, 1591
Problemata, 1632 edited by Ludovico Settala
Aristophanes, Comedies XI, Leiden 1624
Arrian, Ponti Euxini, Geneva 1577
de Venatione, Paris 1644
Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 2 vols. Leiden 1641
Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae or Banquet of the learned ed. Isaac Casaubon 1612
Epicurus Philosophy of, ed. Pierre Gassendi 2 vols. Leiden 1649
Euclid, Elementorum Libri 6. priores, London 1620
Euripides, Tragedies, 1562
Homer, Opera, Basle 1612
Herodotus, Historia Frankfurt 1608
Iamblichus, Life of Pythagoras
The Mysteries of Egyptians and Chaldeans, Leyden 1670
Lucian, Opera, 1546
Dialogi Selectiores, Paris 1572
Philo, Opera, Cologne 1613
Plato, Chalcidii Timaeus, Leiden 1617 (ed. Johannes Meursius) Sibyllina Oracula, 1607 Theophrastus, Characters, notes by Isaac Casaubon, Leyden 1638 Xenophon, Cyropaedia Gk & Lat London 1674