Mongolia competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 39 competitors, 37 men and 2 women, took part in 39 events in 7 sports.
Medalists
Silver
Khorloogiin Bayanmönkh — Wrestling, freestyle heavyweight (90–100 kg)
Archery
In the first modern archery competition at the Olympics, Mongolia entered one man and two women. Their highest placing competitor was Natjav Dariimaa, at 14th place in the women's competition.
Women's Individual Competition
Natjav Dariimaa — 2341 points (→ 14th place) Doljin Demberel — 2152 points (→ 36th place)
Women's Individual Competition
Galsan Biambaa — 2253 points (→ 43rd place)
Athletics
Men's 100 metres
Enkhbaatar Bjambajav
First Heat — 10.93s (→ did not advance)
Boxing
Men's Light Flyweight (– 48 kg) Vandui Batbayar First Round — Lost to Héctor Velasquez (CHL), 0:5
Men's Light Middleweight (– 71 kg) Namchal Tsendaiush First Round — Bye Second Round — Lost to Jae Keun-Lim (KOR), 2:3
Judo
Shooting
Four male shooters represented Mongolia in 1972.