[Footnote 15: "Guia del Peru." "Observaciones sobre el clima de Lima y sus influencias en los seres organizados en especial el hombre."]
[Footnote 16: The women of Lima clean their teeth several times a day with the root called _Raiz de dientes_ (literally _root for the teeth_), of which they keep a piece constantly in their pocket.]
[Footnote 17: It is related that, during the war of independence, when Lima was alternately in possession of the Patriots and the Spaniards, a party of the latter, in order to ascertain the spirit of the Limeños, disguised themselves as Patriots and marched to the vicinity of the town. On their approach becoming known, a great number of persons proceeded from Callao to the Alameda to meet them. Among those who went forth to welcome the supposed patriots were a number of women dressed in the narrow _sayas_ above described. When the disguised Spaniards had advanced within a little distance of the deceived multitude they began to attack them. The men saved themselves by flight; but the women, whose sayas impeded their motion, were unable to escape, and were almost all killed.]
[Footnote 18: A _Tapada_ is a lady closely concealed beneath the folds of her veil or manto. The term is derived from the verb _tapar_, to cover or conceal. _Taparse a media ojo_, is said of a lady when she draws her manto over her face so as to leave only one eye or rather the half of an eye uncovered.--T.]
[Footnote 19: A preparation of finely-bruised maize mixed with morsels of pork. It is rolled in maize leaves, and in that manner served up.]
[Footnote 20: Sweet cakes made of maize and raisins.]
[Footnote 21: A syrup made from the pulp of fruit.]
[Footnote 22: Preserved peas with syrup.]
[Footnote 24: Meaning _Yo esclavita!_ (I, a slave!) _Esclavita_ being the diminutive of _Esclava_.]
[Footnote 25: Narrative of twenty years' residence in South America, by W. B. Stevenson.]
[Footnote 26: The term Creole is a corruption of the Spanish word _criollo_, which is derived from _criar_ to create or to foster. The Spaniards apply the term _criollo_ not merely to the human race, but also to animals propagated in the colonies, but of pure European blood: thus they have _creole_ horses, bullocks, poultry, &c.]