37. Q. Where did the Spartan king, Agesilaus, soon after die? A. On the march toward home from Egypt, where he unsuccessfully attempted an expedition against the Persian empire.
38. Q. What three islands and city revolted from Athens and her confederacy which led to the three years’ “social war” from 358 to 355 B. C.? A. The islands of Chios, Kos and Rhodes, and the city of Byzantium.
39. Q. What war was carried on in Greece for the ten years from 355 to 346 B. C.? A. The second Sacred War.
40. Q. During this war what desecration was committed by the Phokian general Philomelus? A. The sanctuary of the Delphian temple was seized and robbed of its treasures.
41. Q. What noted king of Macedonia first took part in Hellenic affairs during the second Sacred War? A. Philip.
42. Q. What was the result of an engagement by the forces of Philip with the Phokians? A. He became master of Thessaly, and proclaimed himself the avenger of the Delphian god, and the defender of the insulted Hellenic religion.
43. Q. By whom was the advance of Philip into Hellas repelled? A. By the Athenians, who occupied Thermopylæ in opposition to Philip.
44. Q. What renowned orator attempted to arouse the Athenians to oppose the advance of Philip in his efforts to reduce all Hellas to his sway? A. Demosthenes.
45. Q. Where does the criticism of the modern world and that of the grandest orators of France and England unanimously place Demosthenes? A. At the head of orators.
46. Q. By what name are the most famous of the orations of Demosthenes known? A. The Philipics.
47. Q. What decisive battle was fought in 338 B. C. between the Macedonian army and the Athenians and their allies? A. The battle of Chœroneia.
48. Q. What was the result of this battle? A. The Greeks were conquered, and the Sacred Band of the Thebans to a man fell in this battle as they stood in a solid phalanx, not one of the three hundred yielding a foot.
49. Q. To whom was the chief credit of this victory due? A. To the youthful Alexander, the son of Philip.
50. Q. At a congress of Hellenic cities Philip soon after convened at Corinth to what position was he chosen? A. General-in-chief of all Hellas.
51. Q. What was the geographical position of Macedonia before its enlargement through the conquests of Philip? A. It was an exclusively inland country lying between two mountain ranges on the north side of the great Kambunian chain.