In India _Piroplasma gibsoni_ (Patton) infects hunt dogs and jackals. It is annular or oval in shape.
(5) _Babesia ovis_ (Babes) produces “Carceag,” a disease of sheep in Roumania, the Balkan Peninsula, Italy, and Transcaucasia. It varies in size from 1 µ to 3 µ. It is transmitted by _Rhipicephalus bursa_. The parasite has recently been recorded from Rhodesia.
(6) _Babesia caballi_ (Nuttall and Strickland) causes “biliary fever” in equines. The parasite occurs in Russia, Roumania, and Transcaucasia. It varies in size from 1 µ to 2 µ. It is transmitted by _Dermacentor reticulatus_.
It should be mentioned that _Nuttallia equi_ also causes “piroplasmosis” in equines, with symptoms of hæmoglobinuria and jaundice in Italy, Sardinia, many parts of Africa, Transcaucasia, India, and Brazil. In Africa it is transmitted by _Rhipicephalus evertsi_. It has been shown experimentally that a horse recovered from _Babesia caballi_ was susceptible to the inoculation of _Nuttallia equi_ blood.
(7) _Babesia pitheci_ (P. H. Ross) was found in a monkey, _Cercopithecus_ sp., in Uganda. The pear-shaped forms measure 1·5 µ by 2·5 µ.
(8) _Babesia muris_ (Fantham)[217] was found in white rats. The pyriform parasites are 2 µ to 3 µ long and 1 µ to 1·5 µ broad; oval forms are 0·5 to 1·5 µ diameter.
[217] _Quart. Journ. Microsc. Sci._, 1, p. 493.
The usual symptoms of babesiasis (piroplasmosis) are high fever, loss of appetite, hæmoglobinuria, icterus, anæmia, paralysis, and death in about a week in acute cases. In chronic cases there is anæmia, and hæmoglobinuria is less marked. When animals recover, there are still some piroplasms left in the blood. “Recovered” or “salted” animals are not susceptible to reinfection, but ticks feeding on them acquire piroplasms, and are a source of danger to freshly imported animals.
_Treatment._--Trypan-blue is the best drug, as shown by Nuttall and Hadwen[218] (1909). It should be administered intravenously in 1 to 1·5 per cent. aqueous solution. A dose of 5 to 10 c.c. is curative for dogs, one of 100 to 150 c.c. for horses and cattle. Unfortunately, the tissues are coloured blue by the drug. The “salted” animals, after trypan-blue treatment, still harbour the parasites in their blood for years.