Despite the government's intention to promote the teaching of national languages other than French in Togo, in practice, it is done mainly by private online initiatives. While French remains the official language of Togo, 53 local languages are in fact spoken there. These languages mainly fall within two groups: the Gur languages spoken in the north and the Kwa languages spoken in the south. Both groups belong to the Niger-Congo language family and include languages such as Ewe, Kabiye, Tem, Moba, and Fula. In 1975, Ewe, which is prevalent in the south, and Kabiye, which is mainly spoken in the north, were designated as the country's national languages. As both languages are spoken as well as written, this designation should have ultimately led to their inclusion in the country’s education system. However, their place within the education system remains somewhat marginal owing to their categorization as optional subjects starting from secondary school. What’s more, despite frequent statements of intent, these languages are not taught nationwide nor used to teach other subjects. For example, during a symposium on the introduction of bilingual education in July 2022, the Togolese government stated its intention to introduce Ewe lessons in the northern Maritime region and Kabiye lessons in the southern Kara region. However, Togolese children still rarely have the opportunity to take classes in national languages other than French. There is also a stark contrast between the Ewe and Kabiye languages themselves. The south is more linguistically unified by the fact most citizens speak Ewe at home as well as outside. However, Kabiye doesn’t feature as prominently in the linguistic landscape of the north, owing to certain the reluctance of certain ethnic groups to learn this language over their own local languages. In an online publication, the Togolese news website, iciLome, raised some key points: (…)Le kabyè et l’ewé étaient enseignés comme deuxième voire troisième langue, respectivement au nord et au sud du pays. Sans aucune réussite notable. Si l’Ewé constitue la lingua franca dont l’enseignement était accepté sans conteste par la majorité des citoyens au Sud, l’enseignement du kabyè l’était moins au nord, qui a un paysage sociolinguistique beaucoup plus varié(…) Kabiye and Ewe were taught as second or even third languages in the north and south respectively. Without any notable success. While most citizens accepted the teaching of the Ewe language in the south, where it is the lingua franca, the teaching of Kabiye was much less accepted in the north where the sociolinguistic landscape is much more diverse (…) In a Facebook post, the Togolese civil society organization, Veille Citoyenne Togo, discussed the governments’ intentions to introduce lessons in these two languages in Togolese schools: #VeilleCitoyenneTogo Teaching national languages in school. The Reform of Education Act of 1975 in Togo introduced the teaching of Kabiye and Ewe in public schools throughout the country to strengthen its national unity. However, 47 years on, it is essential that this reform be amended since national unity is not something these two national languages can achieve. There are more than 50 local languages in Togo, but each region has its own dominant language. In the interest of national unity, it would therefore be better to teach the dominant regional language of any given region in its public schools. In fact, Moba, which is the dominant language of the Savanes region, should only be taught to students in all public and private schools in this region. Likewise, the Tem language, which is dominant in the Centrale region, should be taught to all students in this region’s public and private schools. Based on these two specific examples, Ewe and Kabiye should therefore be taught in the Maritime and Kara regions respectively. This system has already been enforced in Ghana to uphold its national unity. The law that designated Ewe and Kabiye as the country’s two national languages should also be reformed in the interest of national unity. This list should include five national languages in accordance with the five regions of Togo. Moba, Tem, and Waci should thereby be added to this list of national languages. What’s more, national language news on national television and public media should also be provided in the above-mentioned 5 national languages. However, the comments on this post are indicative of the difference in opinions towards the government's approach. Today’s widespread internet access and smartphone use are essentially game changers in making digital teaching and local language use a reality.