Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India with a population of nearly 200 million people. The economy of Uttar Pradesh is the third largest of all the states in India. At current prices, the gross state domestic product (GSDP) of Uttar Pradesh is estimated to be Rs. 20.48 trillion (US$248.66 billion) in 2022–23. Merchandise exports from Uttar Pradesh reached US$21.03 billion in FY22.
Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of food grains in India and accounted for about 17.83% share in the country's total food grain output in 2016–17. Food grain production in the state stood at 49,903.1 thousand tonnes in 2016-17 and 51,252.7 thousand tonnes in 2017–18. Major food grains produced in the state include rice, wheat, maize, millet (bajra), gram, pea and lentils.
Uttar Pradesh is a favoured tourist destination in India with Varanasi-the oldest city of the world, holy place for devotees of Lord Shiva and Taj Mahal, one of the eight Wonders of the World, located in Agra. In 2022, domestic tourist arrivals in the state stood at 317.91 million.
Cities like Noida, Meerut, Agra, Lucknow and Kanpur are leading economic centers in the state.
Agriculture, livestock and fishing
Uttar Pradesh is a major contributor to the national food grain stock. In 2013–14, this state produced 5 crores (50.05 million) tonnes of food grain, 18.90% of the country's total production. This is partly due to the fertile regions of the Indo-Gangetic plain and partly due to irrigation facilities such as canals and tube wells. Lakhimpur Kheri is a densely populated sugar-producing district in the country. It has been the most common producer of food grains in India since the 1950s, due to high-yielding varieties of seed, greater availability of fertilisers, and increased use of irrigation.
Western Uttar Pradesh is more advanced in terms of agriculture as compared to the other regions in the state. The majority of the state's population depends upon farming activities. Wheat, rice, pulses, oilseeds, and potatoes are major agricultural products. Sugarcane is the most important cash crop throughout the state. Uttar Pradesh is one of the most important states in India as far as horticulture is concerned. Mangoes are also produced in the state.
Industry
Uttar Pradesh has a robust industrial infrastructure, including 15 industrial areas, 12 specialised parks, four growth centres and industrial infrastructure development centres (IIDC). As of January 2019, Uttar Pradesh had 21 notified, 12 operational SEZs and 24 formally approved SEZs.
The Noida-Greater Noida- Yamuna Expressway belt has been a keen choice for many IT/ITES and electronic manufacturing firms. This belt alone has contributed about 40 percent to the manufacturing of mobiles in the country and about 55 per cent of their components.
There are a huge quantity of mineral resources found in the Vindhya mountain range of Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh has many resources like limestone, Magnesite, Copper, Gypsum. There are several cement plants in Mirzapur in the Vindhya region, a bauxite-based aluminium plant in the Banda region, and the Sonbhadra region.Coal deposits are found in the Singrauli region.