XI Dynasty 2160-2000 B.C. XII Dynasty 2000-1788 B.C.
XVIII Dynasty 1580-1315 B.C. XIX Dynasty 1315-1200 B.C. XX Dynasty 1200-1090 B.C. XXI Dynasty 1090-945 B.C.
XXII Dynasty 945-745 B.C. XXIII Dynasty 745-718 B.C. XXIV Dynasty 718-712 B.C. XXV Dynasty 712-663 B.C.
Persian Conquest of Egypt 525 B.C. Persian Period
XXVII and XXVIII Dynasties 525-398 B.C. XXIX Dynasty 398-379 B.C. XXX Dynasty 378-341 B.C.
Ptolemaic Period. 332-30 B.C. Roman Period 30 B.C.-364 A.D. Byzantine (Coptic) Period 364-640 A.D. Arab Conquest of Egypt 640 A.D.
The exterior of this wooden coffin is decorated with figures of gods and minor divinities in shrines, alternating with invocations to various divinities. The most interesting scene is that next the foot on the right side, showing the goddess Hathor in the form of a cow. Beside her is a suggestion of the Theban cliffs and the open door of her shrine, which was hewn in the mountain side. This very shrine was discovered on February 7, 1906, and in it intact was a life-size cult statue of Hathor as a cow. Hathor was supposed to receive the setting sun and to welcome the dead on the brink of the next world. The decoration of the interior of the coffin is bolder and more highly colored than the exterior. On the floor may be noted the large standing figure of Osiris of Busiris. Various divinities are represented surrounding him. On the sides of the coffin are three registers containing each three mummiform figures with human or animal heads; at the top is the soul of the deceased, represented as a human-headed bird. This coffin doubtless comes from Thebes. The absence of the cover makes it impossible to determine the ownership. The coffin was perhaps originally decorated in advance for a woman’s burial, and held in stock for any burial. In one place, however, a man’s titles are given, although the name is not recorded, so that possibly, before the decoration of the coffin was completed, it was adapted to the use of a man.
Standing figure of a woman, carved in wood, with traces of painting; found at Deir; a fine example of carving in Dynasty XII. An inscription on the base may be read: “Funerary offerings, beef, fowl (?), things (?), good and pure for the honorable Kai.” Doubtless a portrait statue. The pose, with one foot advanced and the arms held stiffly at the sides, is a familiar one in Egyptian art. Note costume details: the thick wig and the tight dress supported by two shoulder straps.