Casa do ítioTatuapéSítio do Tatuapé ("House of the Tatuapé" in English) is a characteristic construction of the bandeirista cycle, from the 17th century, located in the Tatuapé district, at 49 Guabijú street, in São Paulo, Brazil. Built in 1668 and 1698 by Mathias Rodrigues da Silva, it was erected using the rammed earth technique and contains six rooms and two attics, which distinguishes it from other examples from the colonial period by having a gable roof (inclined planes for water drainage). It is the oldest bandeirista house in the city of São Paulo, and one of the few from its period still preserved in the city. Its listing is dated October 22, 1951, process number 353-T, inscription number 291 in the IPHAN (Institute of National Historical and Artistic Heritage) Historical Book.
History
It is estimated that the house was built between 1668 and 1698, by Mathias Rodrigues da Silva, administrator of the lands of Father Matheus Nunes de Siqueira, who owned land in the region. The description of this property appeared for the first time in the inventory of Catharina d'Orta, the administrator's wife. The house functioned as a dwelling for 150 years, sheltering muleteers who traveled the country. It later served as a pottery producing exclusively tiles, and then bricks after the arrival of the Italians. Its establishment was near a watercourse, and only then the house would become a pottery.
The Casa do Sítio de Tatuapé was built in the center of a farm that already had a cattle corral and a small church ("ermida"). Some historians say that this property also belonged to João Ramalho, although they have never been able to prove it. It is also pointed out that the construction was used for the insertion of a dyehouse.
Its last owner was Elias Quartim de Albuquerque, who resided there from 1877 until 1943 when he died without leaving descendants or a will. In May 1944, by charter, permission was granted to sell the property where the house is located to Faustina Quartim de Albuquerque Pacini, Elias' sister. Through a deed drawn up in April 1945, the house was then sold and acquired by the Textillia weaving mill. With the subdivision of the property, the house still remained there until the land was expropriated by the city government in 1979. Earlier, in 1950, the company proposed the donation of land to the city government to subdivide the area, but the donation never took place. Case No. 172.842 and 1965, in the name of Textillia weaving mill, still reveals the existence of other residents in the house."There are residents in the house. Mr. Nicola Marcílio, who is now 68 years old, lives there. According to his wife, he was born there and has always lived there, and his parents were employees of the Quartim family, descendants of the Barons Silva Gameiro. Other families live there, in rooms rented by Mr. Nicola Marcilio. This citizen, on the advice of others, has paid and keeps the receipts in his possession, the taxes and fees charged by the City, to Tecelagem Textillia S. A."As of Decree No. 14,817 of December 16, 1977, the house was declared of public utility by the Municipality of São Paulo. Between 1979 and 1980, under the responsibility of the Department of Historical Heritage (DPH), together with the Paulista Museum of USP, archaeological research was carried out and subsequently the property underwent restoration work.
The renovation allowed for the reconstruction of unstable parts of the structure and the same process of rammed earth was used as in the original work. The woodwork and the roof were also redone. Other aspects such as windows and doors were restored and, thanks to an archaeological intervention in the house to highlight characteristics of the period, the dirt floor was preserved in the rooms.
It was opened to the public in 1981, in 1991 underwent conservation work, and reopened in 1992. Its mud walls are up to 60 cm thick. It has a rectangular plan and a gable roof, and its size is 919 m2.
It has been part of the Historical Heritage of the city of São Paulo since it was listed by IPHAN.
Architecture
Its rectangular plan is 16.50 x 13.55 meters, with three rows of rooms and only one reentrant alprendre ("corridor") facing the east. It has a characteristic gable roof formed by hinged rafters supported directly on the ridge and groundsill beams. The joints, at three points, cancel lateral thrusts on the walls, which causes only normal forces to be transmitted.