Utetheisa is a genus of tiger moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1819.
Description
Palpi porrect (extending forward), extending beyond the frons. Antennae ciliated. Forewings long and narrow, where the outer margin is short and somewhat erect. Vein 3 from before angle of cell. Veins 4 and 5 from angle, vein 6 from upper angle and vein 7 to 10 from a short areole. Hindwing with vein 5 from above angle of cell. Vein 6 and 7 from upper angle and vein 8 from middle of cell.
Caterpillars of many Utetheisa species feed on Crotalaria (rattlebox), and hence the genus as a whole is often called rattlebox moths. The adults usually have bright aposematic coloration and contain toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which are used as a chemical defense and are also incorporated into the sex pheromones of the males.
Taxonomy
The members of its subgenera Pitasila, Atasca, and Raanya were formerly included in Nyctemera. Utetheisa is placed in the tribe Callimorphina or in the Nyctemerina; some treatments merge the two subtribes.
Utetheisa is monophyletic.
Selected species
Species of Utetheisa include:
Subgenus Utetheisa
Utetheisa amhara Jordan, 1939
Utetheisa antennata Swinhoe, 1893
Utetheisa clareae Robinson, 1971
Utetheisa connerorum Roque-Albelo & Landry, 2009
Utetheisa cruentata (Butler, 1881) Utetheisa devriesi Hayes, 1975 Utetheisa diva (Mabille, 1879) Utetheisa elata (Fabricius, 1798) Utetheisa elata fatela Jordan, 1939 Utetheisa elata fatua Heyn, 1906 Utetheisa galapagensis (Wallengren, 1860) Utetheisa henrii Roque-Albelo & Landry, 2009 Utetheisa lactea (Butler, 1884) Utetheisa lactea aldabrensis T. B. Fletcher, 1910 Utetheisa lotrix (Cramer, [1777]) – crotalaria moth Utetheisa maddisoni Robinson & Robinson, 1980 Utetheisa ornatrix (Linnaeus, 1758) – ornate moth, bella moth Utetheisa pectinata Utetheisa perryi Hayes, 1975 Utetheisa pulchella (Linnaeus, 1758) – crimson-speckled flunkey Utetheisa pulchelloides Hampson, 1907 – heliotrope moth (syn: Utetheisa dorsifumata Prout, 1920) Utetheisa salomonis Utetheisa semara Moore, 1860 Utetheisa sumatrana Rothschild, 1910
Subgenus Atasca
Utetheisa aegrotum (Swinhoe, 1892) Utetheisa albilinea De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa amboina De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa amosa (Swinhoe, 1903) Utetheisa ampatica De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa aruensis De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa bouruana (Swinhoe, 1917) Utetheisa ceramensis De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa externa (Swinhoe, 1917) Utetheisa frosti (Prout, 1918) Utetheisa pellex (Linnaeus, 1758) Utetheisa separata (Walker, 1864) Utetheisa watubela De Vos, 2007
Subgenus Raanya
Utetheisa albipuncta (Druce, 1888) Utetheisa albipuncta zoilides (Prout, 1920)
Subgenus Pitasila
Utetheisa assamica De Vos, 2007
Utetheisa abraxoides (Walker, 1862) Utetheisa balinensis De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa disrupta (Butler, 1887) Utetheisa disrupta burica (Holland, 1900) Utetheisa distincta (Swinhoe, 1903) (syn: Utetheisa sangira (Swinhoe, 1903)) Utetheisa inconstans (Butler, 1880) (syn: Utetheisa okinawensis (Inoue, 1982)) Utetheisa flavothoracica De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa fractifascia (Wileman, 1911) Utetheisa guttulosa (Walker, 1864) Utetheisa latifascia (Hopffer, 1874) Utetheisa leucospilota (Moore, 1877) Utetheisa limbata (Roepke, 1949) Utetheisa mendax De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa nivea De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa pala (Röber, 1891) Utetheisa selecta (Walker, 1854) Utetheisa specularis (Walker, 1856) (syn: Utetheisa macklotti (Vollenhoven, 1863)) Utetheisa specularis extendens De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa specularis oroya (Swinhoe, 1903) Utetheisa timorensis (Roepke, 1954) Utetheisa transiens (Jurriaanse & Lindemans, 1919) Utetheisa vandenberghi (Nieuwenhuis, 1948) Utetheisa varians (Walker, 1854) Utetheisa variolosa (Felder & Rogenhofer, [1869] 1874) Utetheisa vollenhovii (Snellen, 1890) Utetheisa witti De Vos, 2007 Utetheisa ypsilon De Vos, 2007