FAM120AOS, or family with sequence similarity 120A opposite strand, codes for uncharacterized protein FAM120AOS, which currently has no known function. The gene ontology describes the gene to be protein binding. Overall, it appears that the thyroid and the placenta are the two tissues with the highest expression levels of FAM120AOS across a majority of datasets.
The microarray-assessed tissue expression pattern of multiple normal tissues for FAM120AOS in humans was found using GDS3834 data. The three tissues in the 90th percentile and higher for FAM120AOS gene expression are as follows: the bladder, epididymis, and thyroid. The thyroid is in the 91st percentile, while the other two are in the 90th percentile. Since high thyroid expression was also seen across the RNA-seq data, it appears that FAM120AOS expression may be important in the thyroid.
Gene
Common aliases
The common aliases for FAM120AOS are C9orf10OS, FLJ31534, LOC158293, and putative FAM120A opposite strand protein.
Locus
There are two genomic locations for the gene, the first of which is chr9:93,431,441-93,453,601(GRCh38/hg38) with a length of 22,161 base pairs (bp), oriented on the minus strand of the chromosome. The second genomic location for the gene is at chr9:96,208,776-96,215,874(GRCh37/hg19) with a length of 7,099 bp, also oriented on the minus strand of the chromosome. The genes found upstream of FAM120AOS on chromosome 9 are FGD3, SUSD, C9orf89, WNK2, C9orf129, and NINJ1. The genes found downstream from FAM120AOS on chromosome 9 are FAM120A and PHF2.
Number of exons
The longest isoform of FAM120AOS in humans contains 3 exons.
Span of gene
The mRNA transcript variant that encodes for human FAM120AOS isoform 1 is 5922 bp long and contains an upstream in-frame stop codon (taa) at 807-809 bp.
Transcripts
There are 12 known isoforms of the human FAM120AOS gene. The longest and most common transcript variant is isoform 1, which is 5922 bp in length. Transcript variants 3-12 are all non-coding RNAs, meaning that they do not code for a protein. The only isoforms that are protein-encoding are isoform 1 and 2 of the human FAM120AOS gene.
Isoform 2 is 5008 bp in length and contains an alternate exon in the 5' UTR, is missing a portion of the 5' coding region, and initiates translation at an alternate start codon, in comparison to isoform 1. The variant also has a shorter and more distinct N-terminus in comparison to isoform 1.
Non-coding RNAS
All of the following variations mentioned are in comparison to isoform 1 of the human FAM120AOS gene. Isoform 3 is 2199 bp and uses an alternate splice site in the first exon. The transcript variants (e.g. isoforms) 6-12 are all candidates for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
Isoform 4 of the gene is 2320 bp and uses an alternate splice site in the first exon and contains an alternate internal exon. Isoform 5 is 6043 bp and contains an alternate internal exon. Isoform 6 is 5272 bp and contains an alternate first exon and an alternate internal exon. Isoform 7 is 5095 bp and contains an alternate first exon. Isoform 8 is 5129 bp and contains an alternate first exon and alternate internal exon. Isoform 9 is 5151 bp and contains an alternate first exon. Isoform 10 is 5354 bp and contains an alternate first exon. Isoform 11 is 5475 bp and contains an alternate first exon and an alternate internal exon. Lastly, isoform 12 5216 is bp and contains an alternate first exon and an alternate internal exon.
Proteins
Isoforms
There are two different isoforms of the human FAM120AOS gene that encode a protein, isoforms 1 and 2. The uncharacterized protein FAM120AOS isoform 1 is 256 amino acids long and the uncharacterized protein FAM120AOS isoform 2 is 74 amino acids long. Uncharacterized protein FAM120AOS isoform 1 is the longer and more abundant isoform found in humans, and contains protein domain Q5T035. The isoform also has a protein interactant, Q5T035-F120S_HUMAN, and CRISPR reagents and clone products of the protein available.