—— bishop’s palace, 300, Mrs Jessie Lloyd; 301, 338
—— kings of, _see_ Æthelwulf, Alfred, Ceawlin, Cynewulf, Edmund, Edward the Confessor, Edward the Elder, Egbert, Ethelred, Harold
Whalley (Lancashire), gatehouse of abbey, 303
William I., king, 22, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 52, 56, 66, 67, 85, 88, 90, 118, 120, 265
—— II., king, 25, 62, 66, 90, 120, 124, 193
William, son of Osbern, earl of Hereford, 104
Winchester (Hants), castle, 39, 40, 197, 202
Wingfield (Derby), manor, 346, W. H. Edmunds’ _Guide_; 348, A. Thompson; 349, 353, G. J. Gillham; 229, 269, 336, 345, 347, 348, 351, 352, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359
Worlebury (Somerset), 9, A. H. Allcroft; 8, 25
York, 17, A. Thompson; 14, 16, 18, 23, 28, 33, 41; archbishops of, 85; bars, 229, A. Thompson; 237, W. Maitland; 7, 229, 230, 233, 236, 241, 245, 295, 296, 297; castles, 185, A. Thompson; 32, 39, 40, 41, 42, 52, 55, 85, 86, 88, 89, 115, 120, 185, 186
Angles, reduction of, in fortification, 165
_Arx_, 22, 32, 53, 65; _arcem condere_, etc., 38
Bailey, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 50, 51, 55, 56; _see_ Castles, plan of
Bayeux tapestry, 36, 38, 45, 46, A. Thompson; 36, 38, 44, 45, 46, 52, 66, 190, 192
Belfry, 72, Viollet-le-Duc; 67, 70, 71, 78
Bishop’s palaces, fortified, 301, 338, 341, 342
Bridges, fortified, 297, 298; London bridge, 64; bridges at Paris, 63
_Burh_, 25; _burhs_ in Saxon England, map of, 31, A. Thompson; 25-27, 28-33, 35, 38, 41, 42
Byzantine military science, 59, 61, 67, 73
_Castellum_, 35, 55, 60, 66; _castellum construere_, etc., 38; _castellis, vastata in_, 42
—— in England, Norman, earthworks, 26, 30, 32, 33, 35-57; mount-and-bailey plan, 42-47, 48-52, 55-56, 110, 113, 160, 161; relative date of, 56, 57; importance in warfare, 65, 66, 83-7; stone fortifications, 47, 89-107
—— in relation to plan of walled towns, 87-89
—— plan of, with successive baileys, 162, 163, 164; concentric, 7, 164, 264, 264-82, 304; mount-and-bailey, _see_ Castles in England, Norman
—— strategic position in North of England, map illustrating, 84, A. Thompson; 83-87
Catapult, 73, Viollet-le-Duc; 16, 17, 51, 67, 70, 71, 73-6; _see_ _Ballista_, _Mangana_, etc.
Centering of vault at Lancaster castle, 327
Chapels in castles, 107-9, 209-11; _see_ also Keep
Closes of cathedrals, fortified, 298, 301