General elections were held in the Dominican Republic on 16 May 1942. Rafael Trujillo, the country's de facto leader since 1930, was the sole presidential candidate and was returned to office unopposed (he had previously served as president from 1930 to 1938), claiming to win over 89,000 more votes than the total number of registered voters. His Dominican Party won every seat in the Congressional elections.
They were the first elections in Dominican history in which women could vote, and three women were elected; Isabel Mayer to the Senate and Milady Félix de L'Official and Josefa Sánchez de González to the Chamber of Deputies.