=Ring shake.= A large check or crack in the wood following an annual ring.
=Roe.= A peculiar figure caused by the contortion of the woody fibres, and takes a wavy line parallel to them.
=Sapwood.= The outer portions of the tree next to the bark; alburnam.
=Saturate.= To cause to become completely penetrated or soaked.
=Season checks.= Small openings in the ends of the wood caused by the process of drying.
=Seasoning.= The process by which wood is dried or seasoned.
=Seedholes.= Minute holes in wood caused by wood-destroying worms or insects.
=Shake.= A large check or crack in wood caused by the action of the wind on the tree.
=Shrinkage.= A lessening or contraction of the wood substance.
=Skidways.= Material set on an incline for transporting lumber or logs.
=Species.= In science, a group of existing things, associated according to properties.
=Spring-wood.= Wood that is formed in the spring of the year.
=Stamen.= The pollen-bearing organ of the flower, usually consisting of filament and anther.
=Stigma.= That part of the pistil which receives the pollen.
=Style.= That part of the pistil which connects the ovary with the stigma.
=Taproot.= The main root or downward continuation of the plant axis.
=Temporary checks.= Checks or cracks that subsequently close.
=Tissue.= One of the elementary fibres composing wood.
=Thunder shake.= A rupture of the fibres of the tree across the grain, which in some woods does not always break them.
=Tracheids.= The tissues of the tree which consist of vertical cells or vessels closed at one end.
=Warping.= Turning or twisting out of shape.
=Working.= The shrinking and swelling occasioned in wood.
=Wormholes.= Small holes in wood caused by wood-destroying worms.
=Vernation.= The arrangement of the leaves in the bud.
=Whorl.= An arrangement of organs in a circle about a central axis.
Abies amabalis, 21 Abies balsamea, 20 Abies concolor, 20 Abies grandis, 20 Abies magnifica, 21 Abies nobilis, 21 Acer macrophyllum, 69 Acer negundo, 69 Acer Pennsylvanicum, 70 Acer rubrum, 69 Acer saccharinum, 69 Acer saccharum, 68 Acer spicatum, 69 Æsculus flava, 45 Æsculus glabra, 45 Æsculus octandra, 45 Ailanthus glandulosa, 37 Asimina triloba, 76
Betula lenta, 41 Betula lutea, 42 Betula nigra, 43 Betula papyrifera, 43 Betula populifolia, 42 Betula rubra, 43 Buxus sempervirens, 77