[Illustration: Fig. 213. Setting a Marking-Gage.]
[Illustration: Fig. 214. Using the Marking-Gage.]
It is sometimes advisable, as in laying out chamfers, not to mark their edges with a marking-gage, because the marks will show after the chamfer is planed off. A pencil mark should be made instead. For this purpose a pencil-gage may be made by removing the spur of a marking-gage, and boring in its place a hole to receive a pencil stub with a blunt point, or a small notch may be cut in the back end of the beam, in which a pencil point is held while the gage is worked as usual except that its position is reversed. For work requiring less care, the pencil may be held in the manner usual in writing, the middle finger serving as a guide, or a pair of pencil compasses may be used, one leg serving as a guide. A special gage is made for gaging curved lines, Fig. 215.
[Illustration: Fig. 215. Marking-Gage for Curves.]
The _cutting-gage_, Fig. 216, is similar to a marking-gage, except that it has a knife-point inserted instead of a spur. It is very useful in cutting up soft, thin wood even as thick as 1/4".
The _slitting-gage_ is used in a similar way, but is larger and has a handle.
The _mortise-gage_, Fig. 217, is a marking-gage with two spurs, with which two parallel lines can be drawn at once, as in laying out mortises. One form is made entirely of steel having, instead of spurs, discs with sharpened edges.
The _scratch-awl_, Fig. 218, has a long, slender point which is useful not only for marking lines, but for centering.
[Illustration: Fig. 217. Roller Mortise-Gage.]
The _auger-bit-gage_, Fig. 219, is a convenient tool for measuring the depth of holes bored, but for ordinary purposes a block of wood sawn to the proper length thru which a hole is bored, is a satisfactory substitute.
_Screw- and wire-gages_, Fig. 220, are useful in measuring the lengths and sizes of screws and wire when fitting or ordering.
The _spirit-level_, and the _plumb-line_ which it has largely replaced, are in constant use in carpentering, but are rarely needed in shopwork.
[Illustration: Fig. 219. Auger-Bit-Gage.] _Blackboard compasses_, _triangles_, etc., are convenient accessories in a woodworking classroom.