Philip IV., the Fair, king of France, his relations with Scotland, ii. 141, 160; seizes Guienne, 142; truce with Edward, 168; treaty, 170; relations with the papacy, _ib._, 217, 224; his _Royal Book_, iii. 161
Philip VI., of Valois, king of France, ii. 209; relations with Pope and Emperor, 218; attacks the Agénois and occupies Cambray, 219; withdraws, 220; supports Charles of Blois in Britanny, 233; offers to restore Aquitaine, 235; defeated at Crécy, 237-239; fails against Edward and the Flemings, 244
Philip, son of Charles V. (Philip II. of Spain), iv. 79, 80; king of Naples, 86; marries Mary, _ib._; person and manners, _ib._; policy in England, 89, 90; lord of Burgundy and king of Spain, 98; leaves England, _ib._; returns, 107; war with France, 108; policy towards Elizabeth, 137, 138, 154, 159, 175; hopes for her conversion, 190; compels Pius IV. to recall Parpaglia, 192; urges Elizabeth to send envoys to Trent, 194; sends help to the Guises, 209; delays the Bull for deposition of Elizabeth, 214; turns towards Mary Stuart, 222; relations with Mary and the Pope, 254, 255; difficulties in the Netherlands, 255, 256; refuses to join the French against England, 268; his rule, 326-328; character, 328; policy, _ib._, 329; king of Portugal, 335; assembles the Armada, 344; despatches it, 356; designs on France, 369; sends troops to the Leaguers, 371; sends a second Armada, v. 60; supports Irish rising, 62
Philip, Duke of Anjou, vii. 99, 100; king of Spain (Philip V.), 101, 141, 142, 186
Philip, Archduke of Austria, iii. 170, 186, 208
Philippa of Hainault, wife of Edward III., ii. 198, 245-247
Philippines, the, conquered by England, vii. 307; restored to Spain, _ib._
Picardy ceded to Burgundy, iii. 120; restored to France, 122
Picts, the, i. 30; defeated by Hengest and Horsa, 32; own Ecgfrith's supremacy, 88; defeat him at Nectansmere, 89
Pitt, William, vii. 204, 220; opposes treaty with Russia, 247; his relations with Walpole and the Pelhams, 249-251; his lofty spirit, 251-255; patriotism, 255-257; eloquence, 257-259; statesmanship, 259, 260; supports Frederick II., 262, 263; his place among English statesmen, 275, 276; rejects peace with France and supports Frederick, 302; plans of war in 1761, 303; resigns, 304; relations with George III. and the Whigs, 316; denounces the Stamp Act, 327; recalled to office, 328; again withdraws, 329; supports American resistance, 331; demands repeal of the Stamp Act, 331; his policy towards America, 337; attacks the Declaratory Act, 338; forms a ministry, 339, 340. _See_ Chatham