The coal-field wastes are also unaccountable.
Underlying our drift formation is that impervious strata of blue limestone, 1,000 feet in thickness, through which no water can circulate. The lowest limit of this mass of stone is at low water of the Ohio River, at Cincinnati, from which point it anticlines in all directions. There are crevices or pockets, however, in which water has been accidentally found. The following are examples:
===================+==============+=====================+======+ | | | | NAME OF OWNER. | LOCATION. | FORMATION. | DEPTH| | | | IN | | | | FEET.| -------------------+--------------+---------------------+------+ John Kaufman. |Vine Street. |Blue clay. | 25 | | |Sand and quicksand. | 73 | | |Blue clay. | 55 | | |Quicksand and gravel.| 35 | | |Limestone. | 25 | | | | | | |Soil and quicksand. | 75 | Holder’s Tannery. |Colerain Pike.|Clay. | 90 | | |Limestone. | 50 | | | | | | |Alluvial and gravel. | 80 | Freiburg & Workum. |Main Street. |Limestone. | 170 | ===================+==============+=====================+======+
===================+======+========+==========+=========== | | TOTAL | DIAMETER | NAME OF OWNER. | DEPTH| DEPTH | OF |WHERE WATER | IN |OF WELL | BORING | WAS FOUND. | FEET.|IN FEET.|IN INCHES.| -------------------+------+--------+----------+----------- John Kaufman. | 25 | | | | 73 | | | | 55 | | | | 35 | | | | 25 | 215 | 3½ |In crevice. | | | | | 75 | | | Holder’s Tannery. | 90 | | | | 50 | 215 | 3½ | | | | | | 80 | | | Freiburg & Workum. | 170 | 250 | -- |In crevice. ===================+======+========+==========+===========
The waters of the above wells are necessarily hard, although that at Holder’s tannery is used for all purposes. The water at John Kaufman’s is very turbid. The Freiburg & Workum well was originally a dug one, forty feet deep, but the quantity was insufficient. When they struck the present source, they destroyed the adjoining surface wells of Hoffheimer Bros.
A number of failures to secure water in this limestone formation is on record, but we can notice only a few.
At Rasche Bros., tannery, on Plum Street, opposite Bank Street, they drove a 6 inch well through, respectively, 16 feet of clay, 4 feet quicksand, 15 feet blue clay, 70 feet yellow clay, and solid quarry rock. A pump was then inserted but was inoperative on account of the large amount of sand. They continued the boring to 185 feet, striking clay and soapstone, but found no water, and abandoned the undertaking.