Besides this more scientific magazine literature, “_Pocket Books_” and “_Calendars_” have been published from early times, the regular annual appearance of the latter, giving detailed statistics, personalia, tables useful in the practice, etc., dates from 1851.
With the accomplishment of the unity of the empire in 1871, with the establishment of the Experiment Stations and their association in 1872, and with the organization of the Society of German Foresters, which dates from the same year, a new and most active era in the development of forestry science may be recognized, the tendency of which is to lift the art out of the shackles of empiricism, and place it on a more scientific basis.
_Zur Forstgeschichte Oesterreichs_, by BINDER VON KREIGELSTEIN, in Verhandlungen der K. K. Landwirthschaftsgesellschaft, 1836.
_Geschichte der Oesterreichischen Land- und Forstwirtschaft und ihrer Industrieen_, 1848-1898. 5 vols., 1902, parts referring to forestry, vols. 4 and 5, by Dr. von Guttenberg and 15 others; a unique and most comprehensive work, magnificently published as a jubilee of the semi-centennial of the coronation of Emperor Franz Joseph.
_Die Forste der Staats- und Fondsgüter_, by KARL SCHINDLER, 1885 and 1889, 2 vols., pp. 487 and 742, contains in greatest detail with historical data a description of the State and Funds forests and their management.
_Jahrbuch der Staats- und Fondsgüter-verwaltung_, 9 vols., by L. DIMITZ, 1897-1904 cont.
_Urkundensammlung zur Geschichte der ungarischen Forstwirthschaft_ by ALBERT V. BEDÖ, 1896, in Magyar.
_Die Wirthschaftlichen und Kommerziellen Beschreibungen der Wälder des Ungarischen Staates_, _by_ A. v. BEDÖ, 2d edition, 1896, 4 vols., 2242 pp., 4^o, published as a jubilee of the ten-centennial existence of Hungary. First volume contains the general description, third volume the details of government forests. A magnificent work describing in detail the forests and forest management of Hungary. This is briefed by the same author in a chapter in “_The Millennium of Hungary and its People_, by JEKELFALUSSY, 1897.”
Germany’s neighbor to the south-east, and until 1866 a member of the German Empire or Federation, largely settled by Germans and hence swayed by German thought, developed forestry methods on much the same lines as the mother country. Yet there are differences to be found, due to difference in economic development, and there is for the United States perhaps more to be learned from Austria in the matter of introducing forestry methods, especially as lately practiced in Bosnia-Herzegovina, than from any other country, for economic conditions are in several respects alike.