_Imports._ _Exports._ For 1812 Rupees 555,044 Rupees 167,101 1813 1,530,716 985,709 1814 686,330 549,038
The native tonnage which cleared from _Rembáng_ was as follows:
In 1812 862 vessels or 8,058 tons. 1813 1,095 ditto 8,657 1814 1,455 ditto 12,935
The trade from the other minor ports was inconsiderable, the effect of the regulations passed in 1813 being yet hardly felt. From _Pakalúngan_ the tonnage which cleared was for 1812, 5,962 tons, and for 1813, 4,679 tons, the imports being about 150,000 rupees, and the exports 300,000 rupees in each year; from _Tégal_ for 1812, 2,445 tons, and for 1813, 1,926 tons, the imports being about 50,000, and the exports about 60,000 rupees in each year.
The amount of tonnage which touched at _Anyer_, on the way through the Straits of _Súnda_, to and from Europe, Africa, and America, was
In 1812 73 ships 29,450 1813 73 37,546 1814 125 56,942
By an official return made in March 1816, it appears that the total quantity of tonnage in vessels boarded on their passage through the Straits of _Súnda_, amounted in 1812 to 45,000 tons; in 1813, to 56,000 tons; in 1814, to 64,000 tons; and in 1815, to 130,000 tons; to which, adding a third for vessels which passed without being boarded, the whole amount of tonnage for these four years, would be 390,000, the quantity in the fourth of these years being nearly triple that of the first.
The commerce of Java may be considered under the two general divisions of the native and the European, the former including the internal and coasting trade, with that of the Malayan Archipelago in general; the latter comprehending that carried on by Europeans and Americans with India, China and Japan, Africa, America, and Europe.
Java has already been described as a great agricultural country. It has long been considered as the granary of the Eastern Islands.
The southern coast is for the most part inaccessible, and seldom visited by traders; but along the north coast there are no less than thirteen principal ports, besides numerous other intermediate and less considerable ones, frequented by native vessels at all seasons of the year. Many of these are sheltered, and form safe harbours in all weather, as _Bantam_, _Batavia_, _Rembáng_, _Grésik_, and _Surabáya_. Even where the vessels lie in an open roadstead, the wind is seldom sufficiently strong to render the anchorage unsafe. Several of the rivers are navigable for many miles into the interior, and most of them are capable of receiving native vessels into the heart of the town, through which they generally run; but the rivers of Java, as well as those of the eastern coast of Sumatra and the western coast of Borneo, are for the most part obstructed at their entrance by extensive bars, which preclude the admission of vessels of any very considerable burthen. Piers have been run out in many places, to remedy this inconvenience; but in consequence of the quantity of soil annually carried down, the bars or banks are continually increasing, and in some places, as at _Tégal_, have nearly blocked up the communication between the rivers and the sea.