Goose Creek is a long tributary of the Snake River. Beginning at an elevation of in the Cassia Division of the Sawtooth National Forest in southwestern Cassia County, Idaho, it flows south into Elko County, Nevada, and loops back around into Cassia County, briefly crossing Box Elder County, Utah, in the process. It is impounded by Oakley Dam several miles south of Oakley, Idaho, forming Lower Goose Creek Reservoir. All of the creek's water is stored for irrigation, so its channel from the reservoir to its mouth near Burley, Idaho, is dry and largely obliterated by agriculture. Goose Creek has a watershed. The California Trail followed Goose Creek from a point just north of the Idaho/Utah border southwest across northwestern Utah to Little Goose Creek in northeastern Elko County, Nevada.
The stream was named for the geese along its course.