[2] St. Jerome, in one of his Epistles, has given us the history of the adventures of St. Paula. The lives of the other saints mentioned here will be found in the large collection of the Bollandists. The abstract given here is taken from the Essay on Early Pilgrimages, by the Baron Walckenaer, inserted in Michaud's History of the Crusades.
[4] See my Biographia Britannica Literaria, Anglo-Saxon period, p. 202.
[5] Majuvias, Saracenorum rex, qui nostra ætate fuit, judex postulatus.
[6] See the Biographia Britannica Literaria, Anglo-Saxon period, p. 341, 342.
[7] Dicuil, De Mensura Orbis, vi. 3, ed. Letronne.
[8] W. Malmesbury de Gest. Pontif., p. 282. See also my Biographia Britannica Literaria, Anglo-Norman Period, p. 38.
[9] See, on Robert Guiscard, W. Malmesbury, Hist. book iii. pp. 294, 295. (Bohn's Antiquarian Library.)
[10] An interesting volume of these narratives, translated into French, and accompanied with valuable notes, has recently been published under the title, "Itineraires de la Terre Sainte des xiii, xiv^e, xv^e, xvi^e, and xvii^e siècles, traduits de l'Hébreu, par E. Carmoly," Brussels, 1847.
[11] For these dates see the notes on pp. 67, 75, and 119 of the present volume. See the notes on pp. 78, 124.
[12] See the note, p. 146 of the present volume.
[13] "Et sachiez que je eusse mis ce livre en Latin pour plus briefment deviser; mais pour ce que plusieurs entendent mieux Français que Latin, l'ai-je mis en Rommant à celle fin que chascun l'entende, et les seigneurs et chevaliers et aultres qui n'entendent pas le Latin." See on this subject, and on Maundeville's narrative, M. D'Avezac's preface to his edition of "Plan de Carpin," pp. 29-33.
THE TRAVELS OF BISHOP ARCULF IN THE HOLY LAND.
WRITTEN FROM HIS DICTATION, BY ADAMNAN, ABBOT OF IONA.
Arculf, the holy bishop, a native of Gaul, after visiting many remote countries, resided nine months at Jerusalem, and made daily visits to the surrounding districts. He counted in the circuit of the walls of the holy city eighty-four towers and six gates, the latter being distributed in the following order:—the gate of David on the west of Mount Sion, the gate of the valley of the Fuller, St. Stephen's gate, Benjamin's gate, the little gate leading by a flight of steps to the valley of Jehoshaphat, and the gate called Tecuitis; of which, the three most frequented are, one to the west, another to the north, and a third to the east. That part of the wall which, with its towers, extends from the gate of David over the northern brow of Mount Sion, which overlooks the city from the south, to the precipitous brow of the same mountain which looks to the east, has no gates.