The _Bolero_ is a comparatively modern dance, having been invented by Sebastian Cerezo, a celebrated dancer of the time of King Charles III. It is remarkable for the free use made in it of the arms, and is said to be derived from the ancient _Zarabanda_, a violent and licentious dance, which has entirely disappeared, and with which the later Saraband has practically nothing in common. The step of the _Bolero_ is low and gliding but well marked. It is danced by one or more couples. The _Seguidilla_ is hardly less ancient than the _Fandango_, which it resembles. Every province in Spain has its own _Seguidilla_, and the dance is accompanied by _coplas_, or verses, which are sung either to traditional melodies or to the tunes of local composers; indeed, the national music of Spain consists largely of these coplas. Baron Davillier, among several specimens of _Seguidillas_, gives this one
"Mi corazon volando Se fué á tu pecho; Le cortaste las alas, Y quédo dentro. Por atrevido Se quedará por siempre En el metido."[5]
M. Vuillier quotes a _copla_ which he heard at Polenza, in the Balearic Islands. This verse is formed on the rhythm of the _Malagueña_:
"Una estrella se ha pardida En el ciel y no parece; En tu cara se ha metido; Y en tu frente resplandece."[6]
The _Jota_ is the national dance of Aragon, a lively and splendid, but withal dignified and reticent, dance derived from the 16th-century _Passacaille_. It is still used as a religious dance. The _Cachuca_ is a light and graceful dance in triple time. It is performed by a single dancer of either sex. The head and shoulders play an important part in the movements of this dance. Other provincial dances now in existence are the _Jaleo de Jerez_, a whirling measure performed by gipsies, the _Palotéa_, the _Polo_, the _Gallegada_, the _Muyneria_, the _Habas Verdes_, the _Zapateado_, the _Zorongo_, the _Vito_, the _Tirano_ and the _Tripola Trapola_. Most of these dances are named either after the places where they are danced or after the composers who have invented tunes for them. Many of them are but slight variations from the _Fandango_ and _Seguidilla_.