We study the aspects of quasi-local energy associated with a $2-$surface $\Sigma$ bounding a space-like domain $\Omega$ of a physical $3+1$ dimensional spacetime in the regime of gravity coupled to a gauge field. The Wang-Yau quasi-local energy together with an additional term arising due to the coupling of gravity to a gauge field constitutes the total energy ($\mathcal{ QLE}$) contained within the membrane $\Sigma=\partial\Omega$. We specialize in the Kerr-Newman family of spacetimes which contains a U(1) gauge field coupled to gravity and an outer horizon. Through explicit calculations, we show that the total energy satisfies a weaker version of a Bekenstein type inequality $\mathcal{ QLE}> \frac{ Q^{ 2}}{ 2R}$ for large spherical membranes, $Q$ is the charge and $R$ is the radius of the membrane. Turning off the angular momentum (Reissner Nordstr\"om) yields $\mathcal{ QLE}> \frac{ Q^{ 2}}{ 2R}$ for all constant radii membranes containing the horizon and in such case the charge factor appearing in the right-hand side exactly equals to that of Bekenstein's inequality. Moreover, we show that the total quasi-local energy monotonically decays from $2M_{ irr}+V_{ Q}$ ($M_{ irr}$ is the irreducible mass, $V_{ Q}$ is the electric potential energy) at the outer horizon to $M$ ($M$ is the ADM mass) at the space-like infinity under the assumption of a small angular momentum of the black hole.
Categories: gr-qc math-ph math.MP