I. The historical aspect of hypnotism; the point of view of modern hypnotism 172
II. Healers of disease by mental methods; their methods; Greatrakes; Gassner 176
III. Mesmer; the beginnings of Animal Magnetism; Mesmer's career in Paris; the Commission of 1784; decline of Mesmerism 180
IV. The system of Animal Magnetism; its practices; a critical view 189
V. Puységur and the discovery of artificial somnambulism; the status of Puységur; Pétetin and his contributions 193
VI. The revival of Mesmerism; Abbé Faria; somnambulism in the hospitals of Paris; the report of the Commission of 1825; the report of the Commission of 1837 200
VII. James Braid; his early observations; his enunciation of the physiology of the hypnotic state; his connection with phrenology; his later views; his recognition of unconscious deception 205
VIII. The chaotic condition of hypnotism in the middle decades of the nineteenth century; hypnotism as an anæsthetic; scientific contributions 213
IX. Extravagances of Mesmerism; Deleuze and his followers; "electro-biology;" Harriet Martineau's letters on Mesmerism; Mesmeric miracles; Reichenbach and the "odic" force 216
X. Transition to modern hypnotism; the scientific recognition of hypnotism; Charcot and his followers; Bernheim and the school of Nancy 227
XI. Principles illustrated by the history of hypnotism; lack of proper conceptions; unconscious suggestion; conclusion 231
I. The logical and psychological aspects of analogy 236
II. Analogy and primitive mental life; illustrations; sympathetic magic based upon analogy; further illustrations 238
III. Analogy the basis of belief in the connection between object and name; illustrations; similar relation between the object and its image, drawing, or shadow 243
IV. Analogy and metaphor; vaguer forms of analogy 248
VI. Analogy in superstitions and folk-lore customs; in dream-interpretation; in fortune-telling; in numbers; in folk-medicine 252
VII. The doctrine of sympathies; of signatures; astrology; the rôle of analogy in these systems; their modern survivals 261
VIII. Analogy as a phase in mental evolution; the transition from superstition to science; the evolution of the race and of the individual; analogy, the serious thought habit of primitive man, becomes in civilization a source of amusement; conclusion 269