Naturally, there is not perfect agreement in these two cases, since the one set of data is from a group of girls judging one another on the basis of their acquaintance as social comrades and fellow students, while the other set is from scientific men judging one another on the basis of less constant association and largely on acquaintance in lecturing, research, teaching and the writing of articles and books. Moreover, results from groups of only five judges in the one case and only twelve in the other are subject to considerable variable error. In spite of these facts, interesting suggestions are afforded by the comparison.
------------------------------------------------------------ | Relative Divergence of Different Judges Trait |------------------------------------------- | Cattell, | Norsworthy,| Average of Both | 12 Judges | 5 Judges | Experiments ----------------+-----------+------------+------------------ Efficiency | 75.0 | 92.4 | 83.7 (Close Originality | 95.2 | 77.2 | 86.2 Agreement) Quickness | 90.0 | 88.0 | 89.0 Intellect | 95.2 | 92.0 | 93.6 | | | Perseverance | 75.0 | 101.0 | 88.1 Judgment | 100.0 | 78.7 | 89.4 (Fair Will | 85.1 | 98.1 | 91.8 Agreement) Breadth | 100.0 | 92.4 | 96.2 Leadership | 90.0 | 102.9 | 96.5 | | | Clearness | 104.9 | 75.7 | 90.3 Mental Balance | 110.2 | 81.8 | 96.0 Intensity | 85.1 | 113.7 | 99.4 Reasonableness | 115.0 | 86.4 | 100.7 (Slight Independence | 104.9 | 98.5 | 101.7 Agreement) Refinement | 90.0 | 116.5 | 103.5 Physical Health | 115.0 | 92.4 | 103.7 Emotions | 120.0 | 91.0 | 105.5 Energy | 75.0 | 109.0 | 91.0 Courage | 100.0 | 119.5 | 109.8 | | | Unselfishness | 115.0 | 106.0 | 110.5 Integrity | 104.9 | 130.1 | 117.5 (Little Coöperativeness | 125.0 | 113.5 | 119.3 Agreement) Cheerfulness | 130.0 | 112.0 | 121.0 Kindliness | 120.0 | 125.7 | 122.9 ------------------------------------------------------------
It is to be noted that certain traits show small divergence in both cases. Thus intellect, quickness, originality and efficiency have low measures of variability, both for the sorority members and for the men of science. The average percentages of these four traits are, in the order named, 93.6, 89.0, 86.2, and 83.7. These, it is to be observed, are the traits which are likely to yield objective products. The more personal, social and moral traits, however, such as coöperativeness, unselfishness, kindliness, cheerfulness, and integrity, show large divergence of the individual judgment with both groups. The average measures of variability for these traits, in the order named, are 119.3, 110.5, 122.9, 121.0, and 117.5. There is another group of traits which, while showing only about average variability with one group, show close agreement in the other: such as will, judgment, perseverance, leadership and breadth. These, it is clear, are more nearly like the objective than they are like the personal traits. Then there are several traits which, while showing only average variability with one group, show large divergences in the other, such as courage and independence. These would seem to be more nearly like the more strictly personal traits.